COLLATION of NUMBERS AND DATES

BOSTON GAZETTE

1719			1720				1721			1722
Number	Date		Number		Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
1	Dec.	21	3	Jan.		4	55	Jan.	2	110	Jan.	1
		28	4			11			9	111		8
			5			18	57		16	112		15
			6			25	58		23			22
				Feb.		1	59		30	114		29
						8	60	Feb.	6	115	Feb.	5
			9			15	61		13	116		12
						22	62		20	117		19
						29	63		27			26
			12	March		7	64	March	6		March	5
			13			14	65		13	120		12
						21	66		20			19
			15			22	67		27			26
						28	68	April	3		April	2
				April		4	69		10			9
			17			11	70		17			16
						18	71		24			23
			19			25	72		27	127		30
			2			28	73	May	1	128	May	7
				May		2	74		8	129		14
			21			9			15	130		21
			22			16			22	131		28
			23			23	77		29		June	4
			24			30		June	5			11
				June		6			12			18
						13	80		19			25
			27			20			26	136	July	2
			28			27	83	July	3	137		9
				July		4			10			16
			30			11	85		17	139		23
			31			18			24	140		30
						25	88		31		Aug.	6
			33	Aug.		1		Aug.	7	142		13
						8			14			20
						15	91		21			27
			36			22	92		28	145	Sept.	3
			37			29	93	Sept.	4	146		10
			38	Sept.		5			11			17
			39			12			18	148		24
			40			19	96		25		Oct.	1
			41			26	97	Oct.	2			8
			42	Oct.		3	98		9	151		15
			43			10			16			22
			44			17	100		23			29
			45			24	101		30		Nov.	5
			46			31		Nov.	6	155		12
			47	Nov.		7			13	156		19
			48			14			20	157		26
			49			21			27	153	Dec.	3
			50			28	106	Dec.	4	159		10
			51	Dec.		5			11	160		17
			52			12			18			24
			53			19			25	162		31
			54			26

BOSTON GAZETTE

1723			1724			1725			1726
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
	Jan.	7		Jan.	6		Jan.	4		Jan.	3
164		14	216		13			11	319		10
		21			20	269		18	320		17
		28			27			25	321		24
	Feb.	4		Feb.	3		Feb.	1	322		31
		11			10			8	323	Feb.	7
		18	221		17			15	324		14
		25	222		24			22	325		21
171	March	4	223	March	2		March	1	326		28
172		11	224		9	276		8	327	March	7
		18	225		16			15	328		14
		25	226		23			22	329		21
175	April	1			30			29	330		28
		8	228	April	6	280	April	5	331	April	4
177		15	229		13	281		12	332		11
		22	230		20			19	333		18
		29	231		27	283		26	334		25
	May	6	232	May	4		May	3	335	May	2
181		13	233		11			10	336		9
		20	234		18	286		17	337		16
		27	235		25			24	338		23
184	June	3	236	June	1			31	339		30
		10	237		8		June	7	340	June	6
		17	238		15			14	341		13
187		24	239		22			21	342		20
	July	l	240		29			28	343		27
		8	241	July	6		July	5	344	July	4
190		15	242		13			12	345		11
		22	243		20	294		19	346		18
		29	244		27	295		26	347		25
193	Aug.	5	245	Aug.	3	296	Aug.	2	348	Aug.	1
		12			10	297		9	349		8
196		19	247		17			16	350		15
196		26	248		24			23	351		22
197	Sept.	2	249		31	300		30	352		29
198		9	250	Sept.	7	301	Sept.	6	353	Sept.	5
199		16	251		14	302		13	354		12
		23	252		21	303		20	355		19
201		30	253		28	304		27	356		26
	Oct.	7		Oct.	5	305	Oct.	4	357	Oct.	3
203		14			12	306		11	358		10
		21			19	307		18	359		17
		28	257		26	308		25	360		24
206	Nov.	4	258	Nov.	2	309	Nov.	1			31
		11			9	310		8	362	Nov.	7
208		18			16	311		15	363		14
		25			23			22	364		21
	Dec.	2	262		30			29	365		28
211		9		Dec.	7	314	Dec.	6	366	Dec.	5
		16			14			13			12
213		23			21	316		20	368		19
		30			28	317		27	369		26

BOSTON GAZETTE

1727			1728			1729			1730
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
370	Jan.	2	423	Jan.	1	476	Jan.	6		Jan.	5
371		9	424		8	477		13	529		12
		16	425		15	478		20	530		21
		23	426		22	479		27	530		27
		30	427		29	480	Feb.	3	530	Feb.	2
375	Feb.	6	428	Feb.	5	481		10	531		9
376		13	429		12	482		17	532		16
377		20			19	483		24			23
378		27	431		26	484	March	3		March	2
379	March	6	432	March	4	485		10	535		9
380		13	433		11	486		17	536		16
381		20	344		18	487		24			23
382		27	345		25	488		31	538		30
383	April	3	346	April	1	489	April	7		April	6
384		10	347		8	490		14			13
385		17	348		15	491		21	541		20
386		24	349		22	492		28	542		27
387	May	1	440		29		May	5	543	May	4
388		8	441	May	6	494		12	544		11
389		15	442		13	495		19	545		18
390		22	443		20	496		26	546		25
391		29	444		27		June	2		June	1
392	June	5	445	June	3	498		9			8
393		12	446		10	499		16	549		15
394		19	447		17			23	550		22
		26	448		24	501		30	551		29
396	July	3	449	July	1	502	July	7	552	July	6
397		10	450		8	503		14			13
398		17	451		15	504		21	555		20
399		24	452		22	505		28	555		27
400		25	453		29	506	Aug.	4		Aug.	3
401		31	454	Aug.	5	507		11	557		10
402	Aug.	7	455		12	508		18	558		17
403		14	456		19	509		25			24
		21	457		26	510	Sept.	1	560		31
405		28	458	Sept.	2	511		8	561	Sept.	7
406	Sept.	4	459		9	512		15	562		14
407		11	460		16	513		22	563		21
408		18	461		23	514		29	564		28
409		25	462		30	515	Oct.	6	565	Oct.	5
410	Oct.	2	463	Oct.	7	516		13			12
411		9	464		14	517		20	567		19
		16	465		21	518		27	568		26
413		23	466		28	519	Nov.	3	569	Nov.	2
		30	467	Nov.	4	520		10	569		9
415	Nov.	6	468		11			17	570		16
416		13	469		18			24	571		23
		20	470		25	523	Dec.	1	572		30
418		27	471	Dec.	2	524		8		Dec.	7
419	Dec.	4			9	525		15	572		14
420		11	473		16	526		22	573		21
421		18	474		23	527		29	574		28
422		25	475		30

BOSTON GAZETTE

1731			1732			1733			1734
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
575	Jan.	4	627	Jan.	3	678	Jan.	1		Jan.	7
576		11			10	679		8			14
		18	629		17			15			21
578		25			24	681		22			28
579	Feb.	1			31			29		Feb.	4
580		8	631	Feb.	7		Feb.	5			11
		15			14	684		12			18
582		22			21			19	738		25
	March	1			28			26		March	4
584		8		March	6	687	March	5			11
585		15			13			12			18
586		22			20			19	742		25
		29			27	690		26	743	April	1
588	April	5		April	3		April	2			8
589		12			10			9			15
		19			17			16			22
		26			24	694		23			29
592	May	3		May	1			30		May	6
		10	644		8		May	7			13
594		17			15			14			20
595		24			22	698		21			27
596		31			29	699		28		June	3
597	June	7		June	5		June	4			10
598		14			12			11	754		17
599		21			19			18	755		24
600		28	651		26			25	756	July	1
	July	5		July	3		July	2	757		8
602		12			10			9	758		15
		19			17			16	759		22
604		26			24			23	760		29
605	Aug.	2			31	708		30	761	Aug.	5
606		9		Aug.	7		Aug.	6	762		12
607		16			14			13	763		19
608		23			21			20			26
609		30			28			27		Sept.	2
	Sept.	6		Sept.	4		Sept.	3			9
611		13			11			10	767		16
612		20			18			17			23
		27			25			24			30
614	Oct.	4	665	Oct.	2		Oct.	1		Oct.	7
615		11			9			8			14
616		18			16	719		15	772		21
		25			23			22			28
618	Nov.	1			30			29		Nov.	4
		8		Nov.	6		Nov.	5			11
620		15			13			12			18
621		22	672		20			19	777		25
		29	673		27			20		Dec.	2
623	Dec.	6		Dec.	4		Dec.	3			9
624		13			11			10			16
		20	676		18			17			23
		27			25			24			30
								31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1735			1736			1737			1738
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
	Jan.	6		Jan.	5	886	Jan.	3	938	Jan.	2
		13			12	887		10	939		9
		20			19	888		17	940		16
		27			20	889		24	941		23
	Feb.	3		Feb.	2	890		31	942		30
		10			9	891	Feb.	7	943	Feb.	6
		17			16	892		14	944		13
		24			23	893		21	945		20
	March	3		March	1	894		28	946		27
		10			8	895	March	7	947	March	6
		17			15	896		14	948		13
		24			22	897		21	949		20
		31			29	898		28			27
	April	7		April	5	899	April	4		April	3
		14			12	900		11	952		10
		21			19	901		18	953		17
		28			26	902		25	954		24
	May	5	852	May	3	903	May	2	955	May	1
		12			10	904		9	956		8
		19			17	905		16	957		15
		26			24	906		23	958		22
	June	2	856		31	907		30	959		29
		9		June	7	908	June	6	960	June	5
		16			14	909		13	961		12
807		23	859		21	910		20	962		19
808		30			28	911		27	963		26
809	July	7		July	5	912	July	4	964	July	3
		14			12	913		11	965		10
		21			19	914		18	966		17
		28			26	915		25	967		24
813	Aug.	4		Aug.	2	916	Aug.	1	967		31
814		11			9	917		8	968	Aug.	7
815		18			16	918		15	969		14
816		25			23	919		22	970		21
	Sept.	1			30	920		29	971		28
		8		Sept.	6	921	Sept.	5	972	Sept.	4
		15	871		13	922		12			11
		22			20	923		19	973		18
		29			27	924		26	974		25
	Oct.	6		Oct.	4	925	Oct.	3	975	Oct.	2
		13	874		11	926		10	978		9
		20	875		18	927		17	979		11
		27	876		25	928		24	980		23
	Nov.	3	877	Nov.	1	929		31	981		30
		10	878		8	930	Nov.	7	981	Nov.	6
		17	879		15	931		14	982		13
		24	880		22	932		21	983		20
	Dec.	1	881		29	933		28	984		27
		8	882	Dec.	6	934	Dec.	5	985	Dec.	4
		15	883		13	935		12	986		11
		22	884		20	936		19	987		18
		29	885		27	937		26	988		25

BOSTON GAZETTE

1739			1740			1741			1742
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
989	Jan.	1		Jan.	7		Jan.	5		Jan.	5
990		8			14			12			12
991		15			21	1103		19	1039		19
992		22	1044		28	1104		26	1040		26
993		29		Feb.	4	1015	Feb.	2	1041	Feb.	2
994	Feb.	5			11	1016		9			9
995		12			18			16			16
996		19			25			23			23
997		26	1049	March	3	1019	March	2	1045	March	2
998	March	5	1050		10			9			9
999		12			17			16	1047		16
1000		19			24	1022		23			23
1001		26			31	1023		30	1049		30
1002	April	2		April	7		April	6		April	6
1003		9	1055		14	1025		13			13
1004		16	1056		21	1026		20			20
1005		23	1057		28	1027		27			27
1006		30		May	5		May	4		May	4
1007	May	7			12	1029		11	1055		11
1008		14			19	1003		18			18
1009		21	1060		26	1004		25	1057		25
1010		28		June	2		June	1		June	1
1011	June	4	1062		9	1006		8			8
1012		11			16			15			15
1013		18			23	1008		22			22
1014		25	1065		30	1009		29			29
1015	July	2		July	7	1010	July	6		July	6
1016		9			14	1011		13			13
1016		16			21	1012		20			20
1017		23			28	1013		27			27
		30		Aug.	4		Aug.	3		Aug.	3
1019	Aug.	6			11	1015		10	1067		10
		18			18	1016		17			17
1021		20			25	1017		24	1069		24
1022		27		Sept.	1	1018		31	1070		31
	Sept.	3			8		Sept.	7	1071	Sept.	7
		10			15			14			14
		17			22			21			21
		24	1080		29	1022		28			28
	Oct.	1		Oct.	8	1023	Oct.	5		Oct.	5
		8			13	1024		12			12
		15			20	1025		19			19
		22			27	942		20			26
		29		Nov.	3	943		27		Nov.	2
	Nov.	5			10	944	Nov.	3			9
		12			17	1029		10			16
		19			24	1030		17			23
		26		Dec.	1	1031		24			30
1036	Dec.	3	1093		8	1032	Dec.	1		Dec.	7
1037		10			15	1033		8			14
1038		17			22	1034		15			21
		24			29	1035		22			28
		31				1036		29

BOSTON GAZETTE

1743				1744			1745			1746
Number		Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
1088	Jan.		4	1141	Jan.	3	1192	Jan.	1	1243	Jan.	7
1089			11	1142		10	1193		8	1244		14
1090			18	1143		17	1194		15	1245		21
1091			25	1144		24	1195		22	1246		28
1092	Feb.		1	1145		31	1196		29	1247	Feb.	4
1093			8	1146	Feb.	7	1197	Feb.	5	1248		11
1094			15	1147		14	1198		12	1249		18
1095			22	1148		21	1199		19	1250		25
1096	March		1	1149		28	1200		26	1251	March	4
1097			8	1150	March	6	1201	March	5	1252		11
1098			15	1151		13	1202		12	1253		8
1099			22	1152		20	1203		19	1254		25
1100			29	1153		27	1204		26		April	1
1101	April		5	1154	April	3	1205	April	2	1256		8
1102			12	1155		10	1206		9	1257		15
1103			19	1156		17	1207		11	1258		22
1104			26	1157		24	1208		23	1259		29
1105	May		3	1158	May	1	1209		30	1260	May	6
1103			10	1159		8	1210	May	7	1261		13
1107			17	1160		15	1211		14			20
1108			24	1161		22	1212		21	1263		27
1109			31	1162		29	1213		28	1264	June	3
1110	June		7	1163	June	5	1214	June	4			10
1111			14	1164		12	1215		11			17
1112			21	1165		19	1216		18			24
1113			28	1166		26	1217		25		July	1
1114	July		5	1167	July	3	1218	July	2			8
1115			12			10	1219		9			15
1116			19	1169		17	1220		16			22
1117			26	1169		24	1221		23			29
1118	Aug.		2	1170		31	1222		30		Aug.	5
1119			9	1171	Aug.	7	1223	Aug.	6			12
1120			16	1172		14	1224		13			19
1121			23	1173		21	1225		20			26
1122			30	1174		28	1225		27		Sept.	2
1123	Sept.		6	1175	Sept.	4	1226	Sept.	3	1278		9
1124			13	1176		11	1227		10	1279		16
1125			20	1177		18	1228		17	1280		23
1126			27	1178		25	1229		24	1281		30
1127	Oct.		4	1179	Oct.	2		Oct.	1		Oct.	7
1128			11	1180		9	1231		8	1283		14
1129			18	1181		16	1231		15			21
1130			25	1182		23	1232		22	1285		28
1131	Nov.		1	1183		30	1233		29	1286	Nov.	4
1132			8	1184	Nov.	6	1234	Nov.	5	1287		11
1133			15	1185		13	1235		12			18
1135			22	1186		20	1236		19	1289		25
1136			29	1187		27	1237		26		Dec.	2
1137	Dec.		6	1188	Dec.	4	1238	Dec.	3	1291		9
1138			13	1189		11			10	1292		16
1139			20	1190		18	1240		17	1293		23
1140			27	1191		25	1241		24			30
									31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1747			1748			1749			1750
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
1295	Jan.	6	3443	Jan.	5	1503	Jan.	3	1555	Jan.	2
1296		13			12	1504		10	1557		9
1297		20	1445		19	1505		17	1558		16
1298		27	1446		26	1506		24	1559		23
1299	Feb.	3		Feb.	2	1507		31	1559		30
1300		10	1448		9	1508	Feb.	7	1560	Feb.	6
1301		17	1449		16	1509		14	1561		13
1302		24	1450		23	1510		21	1562		20
1303	March	3	1451	March	1	1511		28	1563		27
1304		10	1452		8	1512	March	7	1564	March	6
1305		17	1453		15	1513		14	1566		13
1306		24	1454		22	1514		21	1566		20
1307		31	1455		29	1515		28	1567		27
1308	April	7	1456	April	5	1516	April	4	1568	April	3
1309		14	1457		12	1517		11	1569		10
1310		21	1458		19	1518		18	1570		17
1311		28	1458		26	1519		25	1571		24
1312	May	5	1459	May	3	1520	May	2	1572	May	1
1313		12	1460		10	1521		9	1573		8
1314		19	1461		17	1522		16	1574		15
1314		26	1462		24	1524		23	1575		22
1315	June	2	1463		31	1525		30	1576		29
1316		9	1464	June	7	1526	June	6	1577	June	5
1317		16	1465		14	1527		13	1578		12
1318		23	1466		21	1528		20	1579		19
1319		30	1467		28	1529		27	1580		26
1320	July	7	1468	July	5	1530	July	4	1581	July	3
1321		14	1409		12	1531		11	1582		10
1322		21	1470		19	1532		18	1583		17
1323		28	1471		26	1533		25	1584		24
1324	Aug.	4	1472	Aug.	2	1534	Aug.	1	1585		31
1325		11	1473		9	1535		8	1586	Aug.	7
1326		18	1474		16	1536		15	1587		14
1327		25	1475		23	1537		22	1588		21
1328	Sept.	1	1476		30	1538		29	1589		28
1329		8	1477	Sept.	6	1539	Sept.	5	1590	Sept.	4
1330		15	1478		13	1540		12	1591		11
1331		22	1479		20	1541		19	1592		18
1332		29	1489		27	1542		26	1593		25
1333	Oct.	6	1490	Oct.	4	1543	Oct.	3	1594	Oct.	2
1334		13	1491		11	1544		10	1595		9
1335		20	1492		18	1545		17	1596		16
1336		27			25	1546		24	1597		23
1337	Nov.	3	1494	Nov.	1	1547		31	1598		30
1338		10	1495		8	1548	Nov.	7	1599	Nov.	6
1339		17	1496		15	1549		14	1600		13
1340		24	1497		22	1550		21	1601		20
1341	Dec.	1	1498		29	1551		28	1602		27
1342		8	1499	Dec.	6	1552	Dec.	5	1603	Dec.	4
1343		15	1500		13	1553		12	1604		11
1344		22	1501		20	1554		19	1605		18
3442		29	1502		27	1555		26			25

BOSTON GAZETTE

1751			1752			1753			1754
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
1607	Jan.	1	1660	Jan.	7	1	Jan.	3	53	Jan.	1
1608		8			14	2		9	54		8
1609		15	1662		21	3		16	55		15
1610		22			28	4		23	56		22
1611		29		Feb.	4	5		30	57		29
1612	Feb.	5			11	6	Feb.	6	58	Feb.	5
1613		12	1666		18	7		13	59		12
1614		19			25	8		20	60		19
1615		26		March	3	9		27	61		26
1616	March	5	1669		10	10	March	6	62	March	5
1617		12	1670		17	11		13	63		12
1618		19	1671		24	12		20	64		19
1619		26	1672		31	13		27	65		26
1620	April	2		April	7	14	April	3	66	April	2
1621		9			14	15		10	67		9
1622		16	1675		21	16		17	68		16
1623		23			28	17		24	69		23
1624		30		May	5	18	May	1	70		30
1624	May	7	1678		12	19		8	71	May	7
1626		14	1679		19	20		15	72		14
1627		21	1680		26	21		22	73		21
1628		28	1681	June	2	22		29	74		28
1629	June	4			9	23	June	5	75	June	4
1630		11	1683		16	24		12	76		11
1631		18			23	25		19	77		18
1632		25	1685		30	26		26	78		25
1633	July	2		July	7	27	July	3	79	July	2
1634		9			14	28		10	80		9
1635		16	1688		21	29		17	81		16
1636		23			28	30		24	82		23
1637		30	1690	Aug.	4	31		31	83		30
1638	Aug.	6			11	32	Aug.	7	84	Aug.	6
1639		13	1692		18	33		14	85		13
1640		20			25	34		21	86		20
6410		27		Sept.	1	35		28	87		27
1642	Sept.	3	1695		19	36	Sept.	4	88	Sept.	3
1643		10	1696		26	37		11	89		10
1644		17		Oct.	3	38		18	90		17
1645		24	1698		10	39		25	91		24
1646	Oct.	1	1699		17	40	Oct.	2	92	Oct.	1
1647		8			24	41		9	93		8
1648		15			31	42		16			15
1649		22	1702	Nov.	7	43		23	95		22
1650		29	1703		14	44		30	96		29
1651	Nov.	5	1704		21	45	Nov.	6	97	Nov.	5
1652		12			28	46		13			12
1653		19	1706	Dec.	5	47		20	99		19
1654		26	1707		12	48		27	100		26
1655	Dec.	3	1708		19	49	Dec.	4	101	Dec.	3
1656		10			26	50		11	102		10
1657		17				51		18	103		17
1658		24				52		25	104		24
1659		31							105		31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1755			1756			1757			1758
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
106	Jan.	7	40	Jan.	5	92	Jan.	3	144	Jan.	2
107		14	41		12	93		10	145		9
		21	42		19	94		17	146		16
109		28	43		26	95		24	147		23
110	Feb.	4	44	Feb.	2	96		31	148		30
111		11	45		9	97	Feb.	7	149	Feb.	6
112		18	46		16	98		14	150		13
113		25	47		23	99		21	151		20
114	March	4	48	March	1	100		28	152		27
115		11	49		8	101	March	7	153	March	6
116		18	50		15	102		14	154		13
117		25	51		22	103		21	155		20
118	April	1	52		29	104		28	156		27
1		7	53	April	5	105	April	4	157	April	3
2		14	54		12	106		11	158		10
3		21	55		19	107		18	159		17
4		28	56		26	108		25	160		24
5	May	5	57	May	3	109	May	2	161	May	1
6		12	58		10	110		9	162		8
7		19	59		17	111		16	163		15
8		26	60		24	112		23	164		22
9	June	2	61		31	113		30	165		29
10		9	62	June	7	114	June	6	166	June	5
11		16	63		14	115		13	167		12
12		23	64		21	116		20	168		19
13		30	65		28	117		27	169		26
14	July	7	66	July	5	118	July	4	170	July	3
15		14	67		12	119		11	171		10
16		21	68		19	120		18	172		17
17		28	69		26	121		25	173		24
18	Aug.	4	70	Aug.	2	122	Aug.	1	174		31
19		11	71		9	123		8	175	Aug.	7
20		18	72		16	124		15	176		14
21		25	73		23	125		22	177		21
22	Sept.	1	74		30	126		29	178		28
23		8	7689	Sept.	6	127	Sept.	5	179	Sept.	4
24		15	76		13	128		12	180		11
25		22	77		20	129		19	181		18
26		29	78		27	130		26	182		25
27	Oct.	6	79	Oct.	4	131	Oct.	3	183	Oct.	2
28		13	80		11	132		10	184		9
29		20	81		18	133		17	185		16
30		27	82		25	134		24	186		23
31	Nov.	3	83	Nov.	1	135		31	187		30
32		10	84		8	136	Nov.	7	188	Nov.	6
33		17	85		15	137		14	189		13
34		24	86		22	138		21	190		20
35	Dec.	1	87		29	139		28	191		27
36		8	88	Dec.	6	140	Dec.	5	192	Dec.	4
37		15	89		13	141		12	193		11
38		22	90		20	142		19	194		18
39		29	91		27	143		26	195		25

BOSTON GAZETTE

1759			1760			1761			1762
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
196	Jan.	1	249	Jan.	7	301	Jan.	5	353	Jan.	4
197		8	250		14	302		12	354		11
198		15	251		21	303		19	355		18
199		22	252		28	304		26	356		25
200		29	253	Feb.	4	305	Feb.	2	357	Feb.	1
201	Feb.	5	254		11	306		9	358		8
202		12	255		18	307		16	359		15
203		19	256		25	308		23	360		22
204		26	257	March	3	309	March	2	361	March	1
205	March	5	258		10	310		9	362		8
206		12	259		17	311		16	363		15
207		19	260		24	312		23	364		22
208		26	261		31	313		30	365		29
209	April	2	262	April	7	314	April	6	366	April	5
210		9	263		14	315		13	367		12
211		16	264		21	316		20	368		19
212		23	265		28	317		27	369		26
213		30	266	May	5	318	May	4	370	May	3
214	May	7	267		12	319		11	371		10
215		14	268		19	320		18	372		17
216		21	269		26	321		25	373		24
217		28	270	June	2	322	June	1	374		31
218	June	4	271		9	323		8	375	June	7
183		11	272		16	324		15	376		14
220		18	273		23	325		22	377		21
221		25	274		30	326		29	378		28
222	July	2	275	July	7	327	July	6	380	July	5
223		9	276		14	328		13	380		12
224		16	277		21	329		20	381		19
225		23	278		28	330		27	382		26
226		30	279	Aug.	4	331	Aug.	3	383	Aug.	2
227	Aug.	6	280		11	332		10	384		9
228		13	281		18	333		17	385		16
229		20	282		25	334		24	386		23
230		27	283	Sept.	1	335		31	387		30
231	Sept.	3	284		8	336	Sept.	7	388	Sept.	6
232		10	285		15	337		14	389		13
233		17	286		22	338		21	390		20
234		24	287		29	339		28	391		27
235	Oct.	1	288	Oct.	6	340	Oct.	5	392	Oct.	4
236		8	289		13	341		12	393		11
237		15	290		20	342		19	394		18
238		22	291		27	343		26	395		25
239		29	292	Nov.	3	344	Nov.	2	396	Nov.	1
240	Nov.	6	293		10	345		9	397		8
241		12	294		17	346		16	398		15
242		19	295		24	347		23	399		22
243		26	296	Dec.	1	348		30	400		29
244	Dec.	3	297		8	349	Dec.	7	401	Dec.	6
245		10	298		15	350		14	402		13
246		17	299		22	351		21	403		20
247		24	300		29	352		28	404		27
248		31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1763			1764			1765			1766
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
405	Jan.	3	457	Jan.	2	510	Jan.	7	562	Jan.	6
406		10	458		9	511		14	563		18
407		17	459		16	512		21	564		20
408		24	460		23	513		28	565		27
409		31	461		30	514	Feb.	4	566	Feb.	3
410	Feb.	7	462	Feb.	6	515		11	567		10
411		14	463		13	516		18	568		17
412		21	464		20	517		25	569		24
413		28	465		27	518	March	4	570	March	3
414	March	7	466	March	5	519		11	571		10
415		14	467		12	520		18	572		17
418		21	468		19	521		25	573		24
417		28	469		26	522	April	1	574		31
418	April	4	470	April	2	523		8	575	April	7
419		11	471		9	524		15	576		14
420		18	472		16	525		22	577		21
421		25	473		23	526		29	578		28
422	May	2	474		30	527	May	6	579	May	5
423		9	475	May	7	528		13	580		12
424		16	476		14	529		20	581		19
425		23	477		21	530		27	582		26
426		30	478		28	531	June	3	583	June	2
427	June	6	479	June	4	532		10	584		9
428		13	480		11	533		17	585		16
429		20	481		18	534		24	586		23
430		27	482		25	535	July	1	587		30
431	July	4	483	July	2	536		8	588	July	7
432		11	484		9	537		15	589		14
433		18	485		16	538		22	590		21
434		25	486		23	539		29	591		28
435	Aug.	1	487		30	540	Aug.	5	592	Aug.	4
436		8	488	Aug.	6	541		12	593		11
437		15	489		13	542		19	594		18
438		22	490		20	543		26	595		25
439		29	491		27	544	Sept.	2	596	Sept.	1
440	Sept.	5	492	Sept.	3	545		9	597		8
441		12	493		10	546		16	598		15
442		19	494		17	547		23	599		22
443		26	495		24	548		30	600		29
444	Oct.	3	496	Oct.	1	549	Oct.	7	601	Oct.	6
445		10	497		8	550		14	602		13
446		17	498		15	551		21	603		20
447		24	499		22	552		28	604		27
448		31	500		29	553	Nov.	4	605	Nov.	3
448	Nov.	7	501	Nov.	5	554		11	606		10
450		14	502		12	555		18	607		17
451		21	503		19	556		25	608		24
452		28	504		26	557	Dec.	2	609	Dec.	1
453	Dec.	5	505	Dec.	3	558		9	610		8
454		12	506		10	559		16	611		15
455		19	507		17	560		23	612		22
456		26	508		24	561		30	613		29
			509		31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1767			1768			1769			1770
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
614	Jan.	5	666	Jan.	4	718	Jan.	2	769	Jan.	1
615		12	667		11	719		9	770		8
616		19	668		18	720		16	771		15
617		26	669		25	721		23	772		22
618	Feb.	2	670	Feb.	1	722		30	773		29
619		9	671		8	723	Feb.	6	774	Feb.	5
620		16	672		15	724		13	775		12
621		23	673		22	725		20	776		19
622	March	2	674		29	726		27	777		26
623		9	675	March	7	727	March	6	778	March	5
624		16	676		14	728		18	779		12
625		23	677		21	729		20	780		19
626		30	678		28	730		27	781		26
627	April	6	679	April	4	731	April	3	782	April	2
628		13	680		11	732		10	783		9
629		20	681		18	733		17	784		18
630		27	682		25	734		24	785		25
631	May	4	683	May	2	735	May	1	786		30
632		11	684		9	736		8	787	May	7
633		18	685		16	737		15	789		14
634		25	686		23	738		22	790		21
635	June	1	687		30	739		29	791		28
636		8	688	June	6	739	June	5	792	June	4
637		15	689		13	740		12	792		11
638		22	690		20	741		19	793		18
639		29	691		27	742		26	794		25
640	July	6	692	July	4	743	July	3	795	July	2
641		13	693		11	744		10	796		9
642		20	694		18	745		17	797		16
643		27	695		25	746		24	798		23
643	Aug.	3	696	Aug.	1	747		31	799		30
645		10	697		8	748	Aug.	7	800	Aug.	6
646		17	698		15	749		14	801		13
647		24	699		22	750		21	802		21
648		31	700		29	751		28	803		27
649	Sept.	7	701	Sept.	5	752	Sept.	4	804	Sept.	3
650		14	702		12	753		11	805		10
651		21	703		19	754		18	806		17
652		28	704		26	755		25	807		21
653	Oct.	5	705	Oct.	3	756	Oct.	2	808	Oct.	1
654		12	706		10	757		9	809		8
655		19	707		17	758		16	810		15
656		26	708		24	759		23	811		22
657	Nov.	2	709		31	760		30	812		29
658		9	710	Nov.	7	761	Nov.	6	813	Nov.	5
659		16	711		14	762		13	814		12
660		23	712		21	763		20	815		19
661		30	713		28	764		27	816		26
662	Dec.	7	714	Dec.	5	765	Dec.	4	817	Dec.	3
663		14	715		12	766		11	818		10
664		21	716		19	767		18	819		17
665		28	717		26	768		25	820		24
									821		31

BOSTON GAZETTE

1771			1772			1773			1774
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
822	Jan.	7	874	Jan.	6	926	Jan.	4	978	Jan.	3
823		14	875		13	927		11	979		10
824		21	876		20	928		18	980		17
825		28	877		27	929		25	981		24
826	Feb.	4	878	Feb.	3	930	Feb.	1	982		31
827		11	879		10	931		8	983	Feb.	7
828		18	880		17	932		15	984		14
829		25	881		24	933		22	985		21
830	March	4	882	March	2	934	March	1	986		28
831		11	883		9	935		8	987	March	7
832		18	884		16	936		15	988		14
833		25	885		23	937		22	989		21
834	April	1	886		30	938		29	990		28
835		8	887	April	6	939	April	5	991	April	4
836		15	888		13	940		12	992		11
837		22	889		20	941		19	993		18
838		29	890		27	942		26	994		25
839	May	6	891	May	4	943	May	3	995	May	2
840		13	892		11	94490		10	996		9
841		20	893		18	945		17	99691		16
842		27	894		25	946		24	997		23
843	June	3	895	June	1	947		31	998		30
844		10	896		8	948	June	7	999	June	6
845		17	897		15	949		14	1000		13
846		24	898		22	950		21	1001		20
847	July	1	899		29	951		28	1002		27
847		8	900	July	6	952	July	5	1003	July	4
488		15	901		13	953		12	1004		11
489		22	902		20	954		19	1005		18
490		29	903		27	955		26	1006		25
852	Aug.	6	904	Aug.	3	956	Aug.	2	1007	Aug.	1
853		12	905		10	957		9	1008		8
854		19	906		17	958		16	1009		15
855		26	907		24	959		23	1010		22
856	Sept.	2	908		31	960		30	1011		29
857		9	909	Sept.	7	961	Sept.	6	1012	Sept.	5
858		16	910		14	962		13	1013		12
859		23	911		21	963		20	1014		19
860		30	912		28	964		27	1015		26
86192	Oct.	7	913	Oct.	5	965	Oct.	4	1016	Oct.	3
862		14	914		12	96693		11	1017		10
863		21	915		19	667		18	1018		17
864		28	916		26	96894		25	1019		24
865	Nov.	4	917	Nov.	2	969	Nov.	1	1020		31
866		11	918		9	970		8	1021	Nov.	7
867		18	919		16	971		15	1022		14
868		25	920		23	972		22	1023		21
869	Dec.	2	921		30	973		29	1024		28
870		9	922	Dec.	7	974	Dec.	6	1025	Dec.	5
871		16	923		14	975		13	1026		12
872		23	924		21	976		20	1027		19
873		30	925		28	977		27	1028		26

BOSTON GAZETTE

1775			1776			1777			1778
Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date		Number	Date
1029	Jan.	2	1076	Jan.	1	1129	Jan.	6	1218	Jan.	5
1030		9	1077		8	1130		13	1219		12
1031		16	1078		15	1131		20	1220		19
1032		23	1079		22	1132		27	1221		26
1033		30	1080		29	1133	Feb.	3	1222	Feb.	2
1034	Feb.	6	1081	Feb.	5	1134		10	1223		9
1035		13	1082		12	1135		17	1224		16
1036		20	1083		19	1136		24	1225		23
1037		27	1084		26	1173	March	3	1226	March	2
1038	March	6	1085	March	4	1174		10	1227		9
1039		13	1086		11	1175		17	1228		16
1040		20	1087		18	1176		24	1229		23
1041		27	1088		25	1177		31	1230		30
1042	April	3	1089	April	1	1178	April	7	1231	April	6
1043		10	1090		8	1179		14	1232		13
1044		17	1091		15	1180		21	1233		20
1045	June	5	1092		22	1181		28	1235		27
1046		12	1093		29	1182	May	5	1236	May	4
1047		19	1094	May	6	1183		12	1237		11
1048		26	1095		13	1185		19	1238		18
1049	July	3	1096		20	1186		26	1239		25
1050		10	1097		27	1187	June	2	1240	June	1
1051		17	1098	June	3	1188		9	1241		8
1052		24	1099		10	1189		16	1242		15
1053		31	2000		17	1190		23	1243		22
1054	Aug.	7	2001		24	1191		30	1244		29
1055		14	2002	July	1	1192	July	7	1244	July	6
1056		21	2003		8	1193		14	1246		13
1057		28	1104		15	1194		21	1247		20
1058	Sept.	4	1105		22	1195		28	1248		27
1059		11	1106		29	1196	Aug.	4	1249	Aug.	3
1060		18	1107	Aug.	5	1197		11	1250		10
1061		25	1108		12	1198		18	1251		17
1062	Oct.	2	1109		19	1199		25	1252		24
1064		9	1110		26	1200	Sept.	1	1253		31
1065		16	1111	Sept.	2	1201		8	1254	Sept.	7
1066		23	1112		9	1202		15	1255		14
1067		30	1113		16	1203		22	1256		21
1068	Nov.	6	1114		23	1204		29	1257		28
1069		13	1115		30	1205	Oct.	6	1258	Oct.	5
1070		20	1116	Oct.	7	1206		13	1259		12
1071		27	1117		14	1207		20	1260		19
1072	Dec.	4	1118		21	1208		27	1261		26
1073		11	1119		28	1209	Nov.	3	1262	Nov.	2
1074		18	1120	Nov.	4	1210		10	1263		9
1075		25	1121		11	1211		17	1264		16
			1122		18	1212		24	1265		23
			1123		25	1213	Dec.	1	1266		30
			1124	Dec.	2	1214		8	1267	Dec.	7
			1125		9	1215		15	1268		14
			1126		16	1216		22	1269		21
			1127		23	1217		29	1270		28
			1128		30

BOSTON GAZETTE

1779			1780
Number	Date		Number	Date
1270	Jan.	4	1323	Jan.	3
1271		11	1324		10
1273		18	1325		17
1274		25	1326		24
1275	Feb.	1	1327		31
1276		8	1328	Feb.	7
1277		15	1329		14
1278		22	1330		21
1279	March	1	1331		28
1280		8	1332	March	6
1281		15	1333		13
1282		22	1334		20
1283		29	1335		27
1284	April	5	1336	April	3
1285		12	1337		10
1286		19	1338		17
1287		26	1339		24
1288	May	3	1340	May	1
1289		10	1341		8
1290		17	1342		15
1291		24	1343		22
1292		31	1344		29
1293	June	7	1345	June	5
1294		14	1346		12
1295		21	1347		19
1296		28	1348		26
1297	July	5	1349	July	3
1298		12	1350		10
1299		19	1351		17
1300		26	1352		24
1301	Aug.	2	1353		31
1302		9	1354	Aug.	7
1303		16	1355		14
1304		23	1356		21
1304		30	1357		28
1306	Sept.	6	1358	Sept.	4
1307		13	1359		11
1308		20	1360		18
1309		27	1361		25
1310	Oct.	4	1362	Oct.	2
1311		11	1363		9
1312		18	1364		16
1313		25	1365		23
1314	Nov.	1	1366		30
1315		8	1367	Nov.	6
1316		15	1368		13
1317		22	1369		20
1318		29	1370		27
1319	Dec.	6	1371	Dec.	4
1320		13	1372		11
1321		20	1373		18
1322		27	1374		25

1 Titles under which the newspapers are listed in the Check-List are printed in heavy face type.

2 Titles under which the newspapers are listed in the Check-List are printed in heavy face type.

3 The Boston News-Letter. Monday.

4 Reprint.

6 Day of publication changed from Monday to Thursday

7 Title changed to The Weekly News Letter.

9 Title changed to The Boston Weekly News-Letter

12 Owing a fire on 30 January, no paper was issued 31 January, 1734

15 By mistake dated 15 June, 1737

16 By mistake dated 5 January, 1737.

17 Some copies by mistake are dated 30 May, 1739

20 Some copies by mistake are dated 7 October 1740

26 Change from Old Style to New Style

27 Some copies of supplement by mistake are dated 4 June, 1756.

28 Title changed to The Boston News-Letter.

29 Title changed to The Boston News-Letter, And New-England Chronicle.

30 By mistake dated 5 May, 1762.

31 Some copies by mistake are dated 28 July, 1762

32 Title changed to The Boston News-Letter, and the New-England Chronicle

33 By mistake dated 11 May, 1763.

34 Title changed to The Massachusetts Gazette And Boston News-Letter.

35 Reprint

36 Title changed to The Massachusetts Gazette.

37 Title changed to The Massachusetts Gazette, And Boston News-Letter.

38 Title changed to The Boston Weekly News-Letter.

39 Title changed to The Massachusetts Gazette: and the Boston Weekly News-Letter

40 Some copies of Supplement by mistake are dated 5 June 1771.

41 For explanation of this number, see page 423 below.

42 Supplement is numbered 2032.

43 Supplement is numbered 3124.

44 For explanation of this number see p. 430, below.

45 Supplement only, without number.

46 Some copies are numbered 3361.

47 Supplement only, without number.

48 This issue apparently has no number.

49 The BOSTON GAZETTE, Monday.

50 Some copies by mistake are dated 31 May, 1724.

69 Title changed to The Boston Gazette, or New-England Weekly Journal. Day of publication changed from Monday to Tuesday.

70 Title changed to The Boston Gazette, or, Weekly Journal.

72 Change from Old Style to New Style.

73 Title changed to The Boston Gazette or Weekly Advertiser. Day of publication changed from Tuesday to Wednesday.

74 Day of publication changed from Wednesday to Tuesday.

75 By mistake dated 1 August, 1753.

76 Title changed to The Boston Gazette, or Country Journal. Day of publication changed from Tuesday to Monday.

77 Supplement by mistake is dated 26 January 1755.

78 Title changed to The Boston Gazette and Country Journal.

79 Reprint.

80 Reprint.

81 Reprint.

82 Reprint.

83 No issues published between 17 April and 5 June, 1775.

84 Published in Watertown.

85 Published again in Boston.

86 Some copies by mistake are dated 9 June, 1777.

87 Some copies by mistake are dated 2 January, 1779.

88 Title changed to The Boston Gazette, and the Country Journal.

89 Some copies of Supplement are numbered 75.

90 Some copies of Supplement are numbered 943.

91 Some copies of Supplement are numbered 860.

92 Some copies are numbered 666.

93 Some copies are numbered 668.

94 Supplement is numbered 997.

95 The New-England Courant. Monday.

96 Reprint.

97 Reprint.

98 Reprint.

99 Reprint.

100 Reprint.

101 Reprint.

102 Day of publication changed from Monday to Saturday.

103 No paper was issued 14 May, 1726.

104 The New-England Weekly Journal. Monday.

105 Reprint.

106 Reprint.

107 Reprint.

108 Reprint.

109 Reprint.

110 Reprint.

111 Reprint.

112 Some copies by mistake are dated 4 September, 1728.

113 Some copies by mistake are dated 30 March, 1729.

114 Some copies by mistake are dated 31 June, 1729.

115 Some copies by mistake are dated 4 October, 1730.

116 Day of publication changed from Monday to Tuesday.

117 Some copies by mistake are dated 29 February, 1737.

118 Some copies by mistake are dated 29 February, 1738.

119 This issue has the word “Numb.,” but no figure following. From 27 March, 1727, to 28 April, 1735, the numbers were printed in Roman numerals; from 5 May, 1735, to 13 October, 1741, the numbers were printed in Arabic numerals.

120 By mistake printed CLIVI.

121 By mistake printed CCXVXII.

122 The Weekly Rehearsal. Monday.

123

124

125 The first numbered issue.

126 See p. 467, below.

127 The Boston Weekly Post-Boy. Monday.

128 Title changed to The Boston Post-Boy.

129 Change from Old Style to New Style.

130 Publications suspended between 23 December 1754, and 22 August, 1757.

131 Title changed to The Boston Weekly Advertiser.

132 Title changed to Green & Russell’s Boston Post Boy & Advertiser. Some copies by mistake are dated 1 January, 1758.

133 By mistake dated 22 November, 1761.

134 Title changed to The Boston Post-Boy & Advertiser.

135 Title changed to The Massachusetts Gazette, and the Boston Post-Boy and Advertiser. Some copies by mistake are dated 1 October, 1769.

136 Some copies by mistake are dated 5 November, 1771.

137 Perhaps 395.

138 The Boston Evening-Post. Monday.

139

140 Some copies by mistake are dated 2 January, 1743.

141 Some copies by mistake are dated 9 January, 1743.

142

143 Some copies by mistake are dated 16 January, 1743.

144 By mistake dated 21 February, 1748.

145 Change from Old Style to New Style.

146 Some copies by mistake are dated 6 April, 1757.

147 For explanation of this number, see p. 474, below.

148 Supplement is numbered 1624.

149 Some copies are numbered 1674.

150 The Independent Advertiser. Monday

151 Publication was probably suspended between 2 October and 5 December, 1749. See p. 477, below

152 See p. 477, below.

153 See p. 477, below.

154 The Boston Chronicle. Monday.

155 Printed Monday and Thursday.

156 Supplement without number.

157 Some copies by mistake are numbered 58.

158 Supplement without number.

159 Supplement without number.

160 Supplement without number.

161 Supplement without number.

162 The Massachusetts Gazette. Monday and Thursday.

163 For explanation of this number, see pp. 487, 488, below.

164 The Massachusetts Spy. Printed Tuesday. No papers issued between 17 July and 7 August.

165 Reprint.

166 Printed Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday.

167 By mistake dated 10 August, 1770.

168 Printed Monday and Thursday.

169 Some copies by mistake are dated 3 September, 1770.

170 No papers issued between 1 February and 7 March, 1771.

171 Printed Thursday.

172 Title changed to The Massachusetts Spy Or, Thomas’s Boston Journal.

173 Supplement by mistake was dated 31 June, 1773.

174 Supplement is numbered 100.

175 Supplement is numbered 58.

176 Supplement is numbered 63.

177 Supplement by mistake is dated 31 June, 1773.

178 The New-England Chronicle or, the Essex Gazette. Friday. Printed in Cambridge.

179 Day of publication changed from Friday to Thursday.

180 No paper issued 15 February, 1776.

181 No paper issued 11 and 18 April, 1776.

182 Title changed to The New-England Chronicle. Printed in Boston.

183 Title changed to The Independent Chronicle.

184 Title changed to The Independent Chronicle. And the Universal Advertiser.

185 Some copies by mistake are dated Thursday, 20 November, instead of Friday, 21 November, 1777.

186 For explanation of this number, see p.493, below.

187 The Continental Journal, and Weekly Advertiser. Thursday.

188 Some copies by mistake are dated 19 September, 1777.

189 The printed number is XCVIV, evidently meant to be XCIX.

190 The Independent Ledger, and American Advertiser. Monday.

191 Title changed to The Independent Ledger, and the American Advertiser.

192 By mistake dated 12 November, 1780.

193 The Evening Post; and the General Advertiser. Saturday.

194 Title changed to The Morning Chronicle; and the General Advertiser. Day of publication changed from Saturday to Thursday.

195 The Editor wishes to express his indebtedness to Miss Ayer and to Miss Mary H. Rollins for aid rendered in collecting the necessary data.

196 Among these is Mr. William Nelson, though the error is corrected by a facsimile of the heading of the paper. In Mr. North’s account, the date of the first issue of the Boston News-Letter is variously given as April 4, 17, and 24, 1704. In his Boyhood and Youth of Franklin, written in 1829, Edward Everett erroneously stated that the Boston News-Letter began April 17, 1704, and that the Boston Gazette began December 14, 1719. (Orations and Speeches, 1850, ii. 22.) In the Massachusetts Magazine for April, 1790, was printed an extract taken from an English paper in which the statement was made that the first issue of the Boston News-Letter was published on April 17, 1704 (ii. 254, 255).

197 A few cases may be specified. In the Boston Athenæum file of the New-England Weekly Journal there is bound between the issues of 27 April and 4 May, 1730, “The Lords Protest On the Treaty of Peace, Union and Friendship, between Great-Britain, France and Spain; concluded at Seville on the 9th of November last [1729].” In the same library’s file of the Boston News-Letter there are bound between the issues of 14 and 21 February, 1715, two documents which are printed in the Publications of this Society, x. 345–352. In the Essex Institute’s file of the Boston Evening-Post there is bound between the issues of 9 and 16 January, 1769, a broadside dated “SALEM, Thursday January 12, 1769,” and headed “Important Advices!” It was doubtless printed by Samuel Hall at Salem. In the American Antiquarian Society’s file of the Boston News-Letter for 1751 there is bound a broadside containing an obituary notice of Paul Dudley taken from the issue of 7 February, 1751. For descriptions of other similar documents, see 2 Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, vi. 171–174, xv. 327–362. See also p. 500 note, below.

Occasionally a print as well as a document is bound in. At the beginning of the Boston Athenæum file of the Boston Evening-Post for 1765 is a print which is doubtless a copy of the one advertised in the issue of 4 November, 1765, as “A Caricatura, being a Representation of the Tree of Liberty, and the Distresses of the Present Day. Sold by N. Hurd” (p. 3/2). A long description of this caricature will be found in the supplement to the Boston News-Letter of 7 November, 1765 (p. 1/3).

198 Boston Athenæum copy. The New-England Historic Genealogical Society’s copy of the same issue lacks this notice.

199 The most singular supplement that has come under the notice of the Editor is one listed in this volume as belonging to the Boston Gazette of 26 December, 1726. It is without date, without number, without imprint, and without title. But the heading “POSTSCRIPT” stamps it as being the supplement to some newspaper, and the Boston Gazette and the Boston News-Letter were the only two published in Boston at that time. It is a broadside, printed in two columns, and consists wholly of extracts taken “[From the Weekly Jamaica Courant, Nov. 9.].”

200 A file of the Boston Chronicle in the Massachusetts State Library bears this endorsement: “This volume has been collated, and is complete from Dec. 26. 1769 to June 7. 1770.” The file, however, lacks the title-page to Volume iii.

201 This was unusual. In 1770 the New-England Chronicle was issued on Wednesday, March 6, instead of on Thursday, March 7. A supplement to the Boston News-Letter was issued on Wednesday, June 4, 1766. At the bottom of p. 2 was printed this notice: “The Gazette will be published To-morrow, as usual.” Across the top of the first page of the Boston News-Letter of 22 February, 1758, was printed this notice:

WEDNESDAY, February 22. 1758.

HAVING received two London Papers, one of the 20th of December the other of the 10th of January, bro’t by a Vessel arrived at Marblehead in a short Passage from Lisbon, and which contain many important Articles, at the pressing Desire of some Gentlemen, THIS PAPER is Published the Day before the usual Time.

N. B. A Postscript will be published To-morrow, with some other foreign as well as domestic Paragraphs, &c.

202 Several instances were given in the last note. Two others may be specified. The Boston Gazette was published on 24 and also on 25 July, 1727, and on 19 as well as on 20 October, 1741.

203 Attention may be called to a few examples. The New-England Courant was issued on Wednesday, 16 December, 1724, instead of on Monday, 14 December. The New-England Weekly Journal was issued on Tuesday, 14 April, and 11 August, 1730, though its regular day of publication at that time was Monday. The following issues of the Boston News-Letter appeared on Friday, instead of on Thursday: 18 October, 1723; 21 February, 1729; 29 January, 1748; 22 April, 1 July, 1757. The Massachusetts Spy was issued on Friday, 7 December, 1770, instead of the day before. The New-England Chronicle appeared on Friday, instead of on Thursday, on 24 November, 1775, and on 8 December, 1780. There were many similar instances.

204 An extraordinary irregularity that defies classification is the following. The supplement to the Boston News-Letter of 31 October, 1765, is dated “Thursday, October 31. 1765.” Near the top of the second column on the first page are four paragraphs of news headed “BOSTON, Oct. 31.” Immediately following these is the heading “Boston, November First;” and a little later is a paragraph beginning “This Morning two Effigies were discovered hanging on LIBERTY TREE,” etc. In short, this supplement, dated October 31, was printed partly on that day and partly on the next day, and was published on November 1, the day the Stamp Act went into effect. Again, the Boston News-Letter of 25 February, 1768, consisted of two leaves, as did also the supplement of the same date. But the supplement, though dated Thursday, February 25, was not published until the next day, the reason for the delay being given in the following notice printed at the bottom of p. 2/2:

*** The Publication of this Gazette Extraordinary, after the usual Time, is not to intercept any Articles of Intelligence from the Publishers of other Papers; — but the Notifications of Insolvent Debtors coming too late to set the Press for two Sheets in one Day, the Publisher thereof tho’t it best to be at the Trouble and Expence of tending one out a Day after the other.

205 A curious misprint occurs in the imprint of the Boston News-Letter of 14 April, 1712, where the year is misprinted 1172.

206 That the issue was actually published on Friday, 21 November, 1777, is proved by internal evidence.

207 New-England Weekly Journal, 28 February, 1737.

208 New-England Weekly Journal, 30 June. 1729.

209 When the wording in a footnote is “By mistake dated . . . ,” it means that every known issue is misdated. When the wording is “Some copies are by mistake dated . . . ,” it means that two editions were printed, one correctly dated, the other misdated. Every case of alleged irregularity has been inquired into.

210 The Boston News-Letter of 13 January, 1703, was misdated 11 January, 1763. At the bottom of p. 2 of that issue was printed this notice: “The Date in the Title of the News-Letter should be January 13th, instead of the 11th. The Error was not discovered till too late.”

211 See p. 481, below.

212 The most remarkable error in numbering was the following. The Boston Gazette of 28 April, 1740, was numbered 1057. The issue of 9 June, 1740, was numbered 1062. The only known issue between those two dates is that of 26 May, numbered 10510. See p. 176, above.

213 Occasionally an error in numbering was discovered. The issues of the New-England Courant of 11 and 18 March, 1723, were each numbered 84. In the issue of 25 March was printed this notice (p. 2/2): “[The Number of our last Paper should have been 85, and not 84, as was printed by mistake.].”

214 See in particular what is said about the numbering of the early issues of the Weekly Rehearsal, p. 463, below.

215 In the Massachusetts Historical Society’s copy of the Boston News-Letter of 18 October, 1731, the dates of both month and year are perfectly distinct. In the American Antiquarian Society’s copy of the same issue, the figures have been defaced by having a pen run through them. The copy may have been misdated, but the defacement of the figures makes it impossible to say with certainty.

216 Important historical conclusions have sometimes been drawn from evidence furnished by dates and numbers. In the American Historical Review for April, 1906, Mr. Alexander S. Salley, Jr., sought to prove that a certain facsimile of an alleged newspaper was spurious, and stated that “the wrong date and wrong number are not the only evidences of spuriousness on the face of the facsimile of this paper” (xi. 548–553). An examination of the Check-List and of the Collation of Numbers and Dates in this volume will show that evidence based on wrong dates and wrong numbers must be received with extreme caution.

217 The Rev. John Eliot.

218 Thomas’s work was reprinted at Albany in 1874 by the American Antiquarian Society. All extracts quoted in this volume are from the 1810 edition.

219 For reasons stated in their proper place, a single exception to this plan has been made in the case of the early years of the Boston Post-Boy. See pp. 465–470, below. The only biographical details given in this volume are death dates; and these are given not because they are biographical, but because they are also bibliographical. In two instances — those of Thomas Lewis and of Henry Marshall of the Boston Gazette — death dates make it possible to state exactly when a change in publisher took place. See p. 447 note 2, below. It has also been thought proper to indicate in the Index the often complicated relationships between publishers and printers of the same name.

220 The Boston Chronicle. See p. 483 note, below. There is also extant at least one copy of the prospectus of the Essex Gazette, issued 5 July, 1768. See p. 498, below.

221 An instance of hopeless confusion in titles is found in the statement that “in a few years the Advertiser took the name, by combination or substitution, of the News-Letter, Post-Boy, and Massachusetts Gazette, with which it was in alliance more or less intimate” (Memorial History of Boston, ii. 406).

222 Thus, on 20 July, 1778, the exact title of the Independent Ledger was changed from “The Independent Ledger, and American Advertiser” to “The Independent Ledger, and the American Advertiser.”

223 On and after 26 August, 1735, the hyphen was omitted in the title of the New-England Weekly Journal.

224 On and after 1 January, 1745, the comma was omitted after “or” in the title of the Boston Gazette.

225 On 26 April, 1773, a semicolon was substituted for a comma after the word “Gazette” in the title of the Boston Post-Boy. See also p. 439 note 2, below.

226 In one library the Boston Post-Boy for 1761 is labelled “Massachusetts Gazette.” Such a title was unknown in Boston until 1763, and not until 1769 was it adopted by the Boston Post-Boy. In one library a file of the Boston Post-Boy for 1770 is labelled “Massachusetts Gazette,” without a subtitle; and in one library a file of the Boston News-Letter for 1769 is labelled “Massachusetts Gazette,” without a subtitle.

227 Thus, the issues of the Boston News-Letter dated 24 April–15 May, 1704, were sold by Nicholas Boone.

228 Thus, the imprint of the Weekly Rehearsal of 27 December, 1731, stated that “Advertisements are taken in by T. Hancock, at the Bible and Three Crowns in Ann-Street;” while the imprint of the issue of 2 April, 1733, stated that “Advertisements are taken in” by Thomas Fleet, the printer, and “are also taken in by Mr. N. Belknap, Bookseller, near Clark’s Wharf at the North End.”

229 Curiosities in imprints occur. The main issue of the Boston News-Letter of 9 June, 1774, was published by Margaret Draper and John Boyle, but the supplement of the same date bears the name of John Boyle only. The supplement to the Boston Post-Boy of 18 December, 1758, bears the imprint, “Printed and sold by Green and Russell, at their Printing House in Queen Street. Sold also by J. Draper, at his Printing Office in Newbury Street.” Draper was the publisher of the Boston News-Letter. This is the only instance known to the Editor where an imprint bears the name of a rival publisher.

230 Imprints have been the means of detecting other errors in binding. Thus, the Boston Public Library file of the Boston News-Letter for 1768 contains a copy of the issue of the Massachusetts Gazette of 17 October, 1768, which ought to be bound in the file of the Boston Post-Boy, as it was published not by Draper but by Green and Russell. Again, the Boston Athenæum file of the Massachusetts Gazette contains a second leaf which belongs not to the issue of the Massachusetts Gazette of 8 August, 1768 (which contained a single leaf only), but to the issue of the Boston Post-Boy of 1 August, 1768. and should be bound in the file of the Boston Post-Boy, where will be found the first leaf of the issue of 1 August, 1768.

231 A device was occasionally omitted. Thus, the Independent Ledger of 17 April, 1780, was of smaller size than usual and was without a device. Occasionally, too, a device suddenly changed. Thus, the supplement to the Boston Evening-Post of 7 May, 1764, bore for a device a crown and under it a heart, all enclosed within a border. The design of this device was very different from the design of the device usually employed in the Boston Evening-Post.

232 In the Lenox Library, each leaf of every issue is hinged on guards of thin strong paper, and the issues are interleaved with blank leaves of stiff paper of somewhat larger size of leaf. When issues are missing the two leaves of thin strong paper used for guards are inserted full size, and when an issue is supplied these blank leaves are cut down to the inner margins and the issue is hinged to them. No more than one year is bound in a volume. At the beginning of each volume is inserted a typewritten list giving the number and date of each issue for the year included in the volume, those issues actually in the volume being indicated by a mark. This method is at once the best for the preservation of the papers, for their ready examination, and for the convenience of the inquirer; and its general adoption by librarians is to be desired.

233 See p. 477, below.

234 The only known copy of the original is in the Massachusetts Archives, xxxv. 83. It has been reprinted in the Massachusetts Magazine for October, 1789, i. 642–646; in the Collections of the New Hampshire Historical Society (1824, 1866), i. 252–255, viii. 258–260; in the Andros Tracts (1869), ii. 15–18; in facsimile by Mr. William G. Shillaber for the Club of Odd Volumes (1902); and in facsimile by Dr. Samuel A. Green in his Ten Fac-simile Reproductions Relating to Various Subjects (1903).

235 Publications, x. 310–320.

236 The only known copy of the original is in the Public Record Office, London. It has been reprinted by Dr. S. A. Green in the Historical Magazine for August, 1857, i. 228–231; in the National Intelligencer of 3 September, 1857, p. 4/1; by Frederic Hudson in his Journalism in the United States, from 1690 to 1872 (1873), pp. 44–48; and again, this time in facsimile, by Dr. Green in his Ten Fac-simile Reproductions Relating to Old Boston and Neighborhood (1901).

237 Several of these news-letters, written in 1703, are printed in 1 Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, ix. 485–501.

238 The only known copies of the issue of 24 April, 1704, are in the American Antiquarian Society, the Harvard College Library (a fragment only), the Massachusetts Historical Society, and the New York Historical Society. The copies in the American Antiquarian Society and in the New York Historical Society are identical, while the copy in the Massachusetts Historical Society differs from the former two and is probably the second or later edition. Dr. Green writes:

Both issues were struck off with the same font of type, as might be supposed, but the variations in the two editions show that there was a new setting up of the matter. It is not easy now to give the reason why this should have been so. It seems hardly probable that the first edition was so soon exhausted; and then, again, perhaps, the change in the advertising agency from Boone to Campbell, — who was now both editor and proprietor, — had something to do with the fact (Ten Fac-simile Reproductions Relating to Various Subjects, p. 16).

An examination of the present volume will show that the publication of two editions of the same issue, though of course not common, was by no means unknown.

The first issue of the Boston News-Letter has been reproduced several times, notably by Dr. Green in the volume quoted above, where facsimiles of both editions are given. The issue of 15 September, 1763, has also been reprinted.

239 A somewhat similar, but more elaborate practice was also employed for several years iu the New-England Weekly Journal. See pp. 458, 459, below.

240 Introductory Note, p. 410, above.

241 John Draper married Deborah Green, daughter of Bartholomew Green.

242 Temporary Acts and Laws (1755), pp. 146–148.

243 The Boston Evening-Post of 5 May, 1755, contained these lines (p. 1/1):

On the pretty Bird in the Margin.

The little pretty Picture here,

o’th Side looks well enough;

Though nothing to the Purpose ’tis,

’t will serve to set it off.

Again.

Although this Emblem has but little in’t

You must e’en take it, or you ’l have no Print.

244 The American Antiquarian Society’s file of the Boston Evening-Post is remarkable for its completeness, and also for the fact that many of the issues published between 30 April, 1755, and 30 April, 1757, are not stamped. The omission is explained by the following entry written in ink in the margin of the first page of the issue of 5 May, 1755:

Many of these papers appear without the Stamps. In this Paper it should first appear — but it is customary for Printers to print a few for their own files without stamps. This file was kept by Mr. Fleet for his own use, which accounts for the want of the stamps.

This entry, in the opinion of Mr. Edmund M. Barton, is possibly but not probably in the handwriting of Isaiah Thomas.

245 Massachusetts Archives, lviii. 475. The petition is printed, except the place, date, and the petitioner’s name, which are in the hand of Richard Draper.

246 Council Records, xv. 189.

247 Richard Draper remained the publisher of the paper, but associated with him as printer his cousin, Samuel Draper. The issues of 2 December, 1762 – 6 January, 1763, bore no imprint; the names of Richard and Samuel Draper as printers appeared in the issue of 13 January, 1763; and Richard Draper’s name as publisher first appeared in the issue of 7 April, 1763. Later, Samuel Draper became publisher as well as printer. See p. 438, below.

248 Council Records, xv. 232.

249 Ibid. xv. 241.

250 Statutes at Large (Cambridge, England, 1764), xxvi. 193, 194.

251 The facts in regard to the Boston News-Letter were set forth at length by Dr. Green in his Ten Fac-simile Reproductions Relating to New England (1903), pp. 40, 41. Throughout that period the Fleets omitted their names and imprint from the Boston Evening-Post; Green and Russell omitted their names and imprint from some, but not all, of the issues of the Boston Post-Boy; while of the Boston Gazette — the only other paper published in Boston during the same period — most of the issues bore the names and imprint of Edes and Gill, but a few issues had no imprint. The presence or absence of an imprint, as pointed out in the Introductory Note (p. 417, above), was apparently largely a matter of chance; and hence caution must be used in drawing conclusions from its omission.

On 7 November, 1765, the title of the Boston News-Letter was changed from “The Massachusetts Gazette. And Boston News-Letter” to “The Massachusetts Gazette;” and on 22 May, 1766, it was changed back again to “The Massachusetts Gazette. And Boston News-Letter.” Thomas stated that —

In the troublesome times occasioned by the Stamp act in 1765, some of the more opulent and cautions printers, when the act was to take place, put their papers in mourning, and, for a few weeks, omitted to publish them; others not so timid, but doubtful of the consequence of publishing newspapers without stamps, omitted the titles, or altered them, as an evasion: — for instance the Pennsylvania Gazette, and some other papers, were headed “Remarkable Occurrences, &c.”—other printers, particularly those in Boston, continued their papers without any alteration in title or imprint.

The facts recited in the text and in this note show that Thomas’s statement in regard to Boston papers was not quite accurate.

252 No other publishers changed the numbering of their papers.

253 How to treat this Massachusetts Gazette, published jointly by Draper and Green and Russell, is the most difficult problem that arises in connection with the Boston newspapers of the eighteenth century. The problem is solved in this volume by regarding the Massachusetts Gazette as a separate paper. See pp. 470, 471, 484–493, below.

254 This is the only notice regarding the peculiar arrangement between the Boston News-Letter and the Boston Post-Boy which has been noted in the Boston News-Letter or in the Boston Post-Boy or in the Massachusetts Gazette.

255 If by “its primitive Title” is meant its first title, the publisher made a mistake. The title adopted 26 May, 1768, was the third of the eleven titles under which the Boston News-Letter was known during its existence, and was originally adopted 5 November, 1730.

256 This was the eleventh and last title. But it should be added that the issue of 13 October, 1775, was entitled “The Massachusetts Gazette: Published Occasionally.”

257 April is doubtless a misprint for May.

258 The only known copy of this issue is somewhat mutilated, and the words within square brackets are conjectural.

259 A passage which appeared in the New-England Chronicle of 28 September, 1775, is pertinent (p. 3/2):

[The following curious Paragraphs were taken from Mrs. Draper’s last Boston Paper. The Impudence they contain is so gross, and the Falshood so notorious, as to render any Remark or Contradiction unnecessary.]

BOSTON, September 21.

Then follow several extracts which are of further interest as showing that an issue of the Boston News-Letter of which no copy is known was published on 21 September, 1775. It may be added that an issue of the Boston News-Letter of which no copy is known was also published on 8 February, 1776, for in the issue of 22 February there is an allusion (p. 1/1) to the issue of 8 February. Another fact of interest may be recorded here. Buckingham quotes from the issue of 16 November, 1775. When the Check-List in this volume was revised, no copy of that issue was known; but in May, 1906, a copy was given to the Boston Public Library.

260 John Campbell died 4 March, 1728 (Boston News-Letter, 7 March, 1728, p. 2/1).

261 Bartholomew Green died 28 December, 1732 (Boston News-Letter, 4 January, 1733, p. 2/1).

262 John Draper died 29 November, 1762 (Boston News-Letter, 2 December, 1762, p. 3/1).

263 Samuel Draper died 21 March, 1767 (Boston News-Letter, 26 March, 1767, p. 3/2).

264 Richard Draper died 5 June, 1774 (Boston News-Letter, 9 June, 1774, p. 1/1).

265 John Boyle died 18 November, 1819 (Publications of this Society, vi. 322 note).

266 Margaret Draper died in London, where her will was proved 12 February, 1807 (Suffolk Probate Records, no. 17015).

267 See pp. 435, 436, above.

268 John Howe died 29 December, 1835 (Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society, vi. 120).

269 In the issues of 6 January – 31 March, 1763, the Royal Arms had the letters “GR” above them. In the issue of 7 April, 1763, and in all subsequent issues, these letters were omitted. The same design was used in the issues of 7 April, 1763–31 October, 1765; of 22 May, 1766–19 May, 1768; and of 28 September, 1769–22 February, 1776; while the same design was also employed in the portion of the Massachusetts Gazette published by Draper on Thursdays from 26 May, 1768, to 21 September, 1769. See p. 473, below.

Isaiah Thomas said that Richard Draper “added, ‘The Massachusetts Gazette,’ to the title of ‘The Boston News-Letter,’ and decorated it with the king’s arms;” and remarked:

It had become fashionable, many years before the revolution, among publishers of newspapers, especially those whose title embraced the word Gazette, to ornament the titles with this ensign of royalty. But the printers in Boston had not followed this fashion.

However it may have been elsewhere, the evidence given in our text (pp. 426–429) shows that at least in the Boston newspapers the assumption of the Royal Arms was not a matter of whim or of individual taste on the part of publishers. The only Boston papers to assume the Royal Arms were the Boston News-Letter, the Boston Post-Boy, and the Massachusetts Gazette, the publishers of which were also the official publishers to the Government.

270 Attention has already been called to the curious signatures used in the Boston News-Letter and in the New-England Weekly Journal (p. 423, above, pp. 458, 459, below). Another peculiarity of certain Boston newspapers, which might cause confusion, should also be pointed out. In the early years of several newspapers, the letters “N.E.” or the words “New-England” were printed at the top of the first page, above the title; but such letters or words did not form part of the title.

271 Exactly how long Thomas Lewis remained Postmaster has apparently never been ascertained. Philip Musgrave died 18 May, 1725, and the Boston News-Letter of 27 May, 1725, contained the following notice (p. 2/2):

THese are to give Notice, That the Post-Office is Removed from Cornhill unto Mrs. Proctors in Queen-Street, Boston.

There are no known copies of the Boston Gazette between 17 May and 19 July, 1725. The imprints of the issues of 19 July–1 November, 1725, read: “Printed by S. Kneeland, for Thomas Lewis, Postmaster, at his Office in Queen-Street.” The imprints of the issues of 8 November–13 December, 1725, read: “Printed by S. Kneeland, for Thomas Lewis, at the Post Office.” The imprints of the issues of 20 December, 1725–21 February, 1726, read: “Printed by S. Kneeland, for Thomas Lewis, at Mrs. Proctor’s in Queen-Street.” The imprints of the issues of 28 February–18 April, 1726, read: “Printed for Thomas Lewis, by S. Kneeland, at the Printing-House in Queen-Street.” The imprint of the issue of 25 April, 1726, reads: “Printed for Henry Marshall Post Master, & Thomas Lewis, and Sold at the Post Office.”

272 The dates are those given by Brooker himself in the Boston Gazette of 11 January, 1720 (p. 1). In the Boston News-Letter of 8 September, 1718, the name of John Campbell as Postmaster occurred for the last time in the imprint. In the issue of 15 September, 1718, was printed this notice (p. 2/2):

ON Saturday last the 13th Currant the Post-Office in Boston was removed to the fifth Door to the Southward of the old Office, where all Persons are to receive out, and give in their Letters that come and go either by Post or Shipping.

273 The issue of 12 April, 1731, did not contain the words in question; hence they were resumed either on 3 May, or in some issue between 12 April and 3 May of which no copy is known.

274 The issue of 31 May, 1736, did not contain the words in question; hence they were used for the last time either in the issue of 31 May, or in some issue between 3 and 31 May of which no copy is known.

275 See pp. 466, 467, below.

276 Attention may be called to certain facts. The issues of the Boston Gazette dated 27 October and 3 November, 1741, were numbered 943 and 944, respectively. The issue of 10 November was numbered 1029. The New-England Weekly Journal had been printed on a much larger page than that on which the Boston Gazette was printed; the former contained one leaf, while the latter contained two leaves; and the former had three columns to a page, while the latter had but two. The New-England Weekly Journal had no device; the issue of the Boston Gazette dated 20 October had no device. The issue of 19 October had the same two devices which the Boston Gazette had borne for over six years. The issue of 27 October had two devices, one entirely new, the other newly cut of a different size. It seems probable that in giving the number 942 to the issue of 20 October, and in omitting the devices, the printers were somewhat confused between the New-England Weekly Journal and the Boston Gazette.

277 The only known copy of the issue of 26 December, 1752, is mutilated, but the issue of 19 December was numbered 1708.

278 Dr. Samuel A. Green writes:

The practice of reproducing odd numbers of early Boston newspapers in fac-simile without any token or explanation of the fact, may cause hereafter some confusion among librarians and others not familiar with the circumstances of the case (Ten Fac-simile Reproductions Relating to Various Subjects, p. 19).

Dr. Green then goes on to describe various issues which have thus been reproduced, though a few have escaped his attention, and he himself gives facsimile reproductions of the Boston News-Letter of 24 April, 1704, of the New-England Courant of 11 February, 1723, and of the New-England Weekly Journal of 8 April, 1728.

279 Philip Musgrave died 18 May, 1725 (Boston News-Letter, 20 May, 1725, p. 2/2). Presumably, therefore, Thomas Lewis became the publisher on 24 May, 1725.

280 The imprint of the issue of 28 February, 1726, contained the words “at the Printing-House in Queen-Street.” This is apparently the first definite statement as to the place of publication found in the Boston Gazette.

281 Thomas Lewis and Samuel Hirst (a grandson of Judge Sewall) died on 14 January, 1727, through an accident the exact nature of which is not known. The Boston News-Letter of 19 January certainly, and the Boston Gazette of 16 January presumably, contained an account of the accident; but no copies of those issues are known. There is a gap in Judge Sewall’s Diary at that period, but there are references to the event in his Letter-Book (ii. 221). Two sermons were preached on the occasion — one by the Rev. Thomas Prince, the other by the Rev. Joseph Sewall; and but for those sermons, both of which were published by Judge Sewall, the exact date of the accident would apparently be unknown. In his sermon, entitled “Morning Health No Security Against the Sudden Arrest of Death before Night. A Sermon Occasioned By the very sudden Death of Two young Gentlemen in Boston, on Saturday January 14th, 1726, 7. Dedicated to the Youth of the Town,” Prince gives the names of the two victims in a note to the Dedication, and elsewhere speaks of “THE unexpected & surprizing Suddenness of their Destruction” (p. 3). In his sermon, entitled “The Duty of every Man To be Always Ready to Die. A Sermon Occasion’d By the very Sudden Deaths of Mr. Thomas Lewis, Aged 32. And Mr. Samuel Hirst, Aged 22. On Saturday Jan. 14. 1726, 7,” Sewall speaks of “the very Sudden Deaths of the last Week” (p. 18).

282 The issues of 25 April, 1726 – 12 June, 1727, bore no printer’s name in the imprint. In advertisements inserted in the issues of 9 May, 1726 (p. 2/2), of 7 November, 1726 (p. 2/2), of 2 January, 1727 (p. 2/2), and of 20 February, 1727 (p. 2/2), purchasers were requested to inquire of “the Printer in Queen Street,” or at “the Printing-House in Queen Street,” or of “the Printers in Queen-Street,” or at “the Printing-house in Queen-Street.” In an advertisement in the issue of 12 June, 1727 (p. 4/2), purchasers were requested to “Inquire of B. Green, jun. the Printer hereof.” It is certain, therefore, that Green was the printer on 12 June, 1727; and the change in printers may have taken place on 25 April, 1726, or at some time between 20 February and 12 June, 1727. The location of Green’s printing-office was first given in the issue of 1 April, 1734, the imprint of which reads: “Printed by B. Green, at his Printing-House in Newbury Street.”

283 Henry Marshall died 4 October, 1732 (New-England Weekly Journal, 9 October, 1732, p. 2/2).

284 There are no known issues between 2 October and 20 November, 1732, but presumably John Boydell became the publisher on 9 October.

285 On the death of his father on 29 December, 1732, Bartholomew Green, Jr., of course became Bartholomew Green. He died at Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he was buried 29 October, 1751 (Burial Register of St. Paul’s Parish, Halifax, p. 67).

286 John Boydell died 11 December, 1739 (Boston Gazette, 17 December. 1739, p. 2/1).

287 During this period no publisher’s name appeared. Hannah Boydell died 15 October, 1741 (Boston Gazette, 19 October, 1741, p. 4/1; 20 October, 1741, p. 3/2).

288 Timothy Green died 3 October, 1763 (Boston Post-Boy, 10 October, 1763, p. 3/2; Boston News-Letter, 13 October, 1763, p. 2/1).

289 Throughout the year 1753, Kneeland’s name did not appear in the imprint.

290 Samuel Kneeland died either 12 December, 1769 (Boston Chronicle, 18 December, 1769, ii. 405/2), or 14 December, 1769 (Boston Gazette, 18 December, 1769, p. 2/3; Boston Evening-Post, 18 December, 1769, p. 2/3; Boston Post-Boy, 18 December, 1769, p. 3/1; Boston News-Letter, 21 December, 1769, p. 1/2).

291 The issue of 28 July, 1755, contained this notice (p. 1/1):

☞ The Publishers of this Paper, hereby give Notice, That they have removed from their Office in King-street, to the Printing-Office in Queen-street, formerly improved by Messieurs Rogers & Fowle, next Door to the Prison.

292 Publication suspended between 17 April and 5 June, 1775.

293 The imprint reads Benjamin Edes and Sons, the sons being Benjamin Edes, Jr., and Peter Edes. Benjamin Edes died 11 December, 1803 (Columbian Centinel, 14 December, 1803, p. 2/3); Benjamin Edes, Jr., died 14 May, 1801 (Columbian Centinel, 16 May, 1801, p. 2/4); Peter Edes died 29 March, 1840 (Boston Evening Transcript, 6 April, 1840, p. 2/4).

294 This was a new cut of the Ship and Lighthouse, smaller than the previous one

295 This device is thus described by Isaiah Thomas:

For the want of a more appropriate device, a very singular cut was used in its title, which had been designed and engraved for the lxxvth fable of Croxall’s Esop, representing the boy viewing himself in the glass; his little sister, who was offended with his vanity, and their father who moralized on the subject of their difference.

296 The second device is the same as that used in the Independent Advertiser. See p. 479, below.

297 This device is thus described by Isaiah Thomas:

Before this event [the revolutionary war] took place, the device in the title underwent a change. The figure of Britannia was exchanged for that of Minerva, seated; before her was a pedestal on which was placed a cage; Minerva with her left hand supported a spear, on which was placed the cap of Liberty, and with her right, opened the door of the cage, and liberated a bird which appeared in the act of flying towards a tree that stood at a distance from the city.

There has been some confusion, in previous accounts of the Boston Gazette, between the device of Britannia liberating a bird, adopted on 7 April, 1755 — a device which had previously been used in the Independent Advertiser — and the device of Minerva freeing a bird from a cage, adopted 1 January, 1770. The differences between the two devices can best be seen in Buckingham’s Specimens of Newspaper Literature (i. 156, 165), where also will be found reproductions of most of the devices used in the Boston papers.

298 The date almost invariably assigned is Monday, August 17, 1721. This error — in spite of the easily ascertained fact that that date is an impossible one, since August 17, 1721, did not fall on Monday — is so persistent that it seems worth while to show how it arose. In his account of the Boston News-Letter, Isaiah Thomas wrote that “On the 7th of August, 1721, a third newspaper in Boston was published, entitled The New England Courant;” and proceeded to give at length the passage quoted in our text from the Boston News-Letter of 14 August, 1721. But in his account of the New-England Courant, Thomas said that this “was first printed and published Monday, August 17, 1721.” Hence August 17 was a misprint.

299 Massachusetts House Journals, 7 July, 1722, p. 64.

300 These words were inadvertently omitted. See the Massachusetts House Journals, 14, 16 January, 1723, pp. 79, 82.

301 Council Records, vii. 452, 453; Suffolk Court Files, no. 16480. For this “last instance of an attempt to revive and enforce censorship” of the press in Massachusetts, see, besides the accounts mentioned in the Introductory Note (pp. 412, 413), Professor Clyde A. Duniway’s Development of Freedom of the Press in Massachusetts (Harvard Historical Studies), 1906, pp. 97–103.

302 Works (Bigelow’s edition), i. 55, 56.

303 James Franklin died 4 February, 1735 (Boston News-Letter, 13 February, 1735, p. 2/1).

304 See p. 423, above.

305 Introductory Note, p. 416, above.

306 On and after 18 May, 1736, the hyphen was omitted in “New England.”

307 The issue of 4 August, 1735, contained this notice (p. 2/3):

☞ This Paper for the future will be Published every Tuesday Morning; . . .

308 The date of the last issue of the Weekly Rehearsal is sometimes wrongly given as 14 August, 1735.

309 See pp. 474–476, below.

310 A quondam owner of the file in the American Antiquarian Society attempted to write in numbers in ink, often obliterating the printed number. Needless to say, the result is hopeless confusion.

311 See p. 462, above.

312 Jeremiah Gridley died 10 September, 1767 (Boston Gazette, 14 September, 1767, p. 3/1).

313 “Ellis Huske (his son) was post-master at Boston, and the publisher of the Boston Weekly Post Boy” (New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 1850, iv. 335 note). In the first edition (1870) of his Wentworth Genealogy, John Wentworth said: “There was an Ellis Huske, who was Post-master at Boston, and who established ‘The Boston Weekly Post Boy,’ in 1734, . . . His relationship to the above [Chief Justice Ellis Huske] is not known” (i. 160 note). In the second edition (1878) of the same work, Wentworth wrote: “Ellis Huske, jr., who established the Boston Weekly Post Boy, in 1734, and continued it about twenty years. He was postmaster at Boston” (i. 287 note). This statement was repeated by the editors of Part I of the Belcher Papers (6 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vi. 3 note), but the error was corrected in Part II (ibid. vii. 114 note).

314 Ellis Huske “is the person, it is said, who recommended to the British government the Stamp Act of 1765” (New England Historical and Genealogical Register, iv. 335 note). This statement was repeated in 1873 by Hudson, who pictures Ellis Huske’s astonishment over “the excitement and indignation that his measure created in the colonies” (Journalism in the United States, p. 96). Ellis Huske died in 1755. and the person intended was his son, John Huske, who, on account of his alleged share in the passage of the Stamp Act, was hanged in effigy in Boston on November 1, 1765 (Boston Gazette, 4 November, 1765, p. 1/1). There is, however, no proof that John Huske favored the Stamp Act, while it is certain that he was an earnest advocate of its repeal.

315 6 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vii. 468.

316 6 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vii. 114. The marriage on October 25, 1720, of Captain Ellis Huske and Mrs. Mary Plaisted is recorded in the Salem Book of Marriages, iv. 29.

317 6 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vii. 471.

318 Hence all dates in the Check-List previous to 21 April, 1735, are conjectural.

319 See in particular what has been said about the numbering of the Weekly Rehearsal on p. 463, above.

320 New Hampshire Provincial Papers, vi. 339.

321 There is apparently no record of his death in Boston, in Portsmouth, or in Concord, New Hampshire.

322 There were no newspapers in New Hampshire at that time.

323 This notice was again printed in the Boston Evening-Post of 6 January, 1755 (p. 2/2), and also in the Boston News-Letter of 2 and 9 January, 1755 (pp. 2/2, 2/2). John Franklin was a brother of Benjamin Franklin.

324 This notice was again printed in the Boston Evening-Post of 6 January, 1755 (p. 2/2), and also in the Boston News-Letter of 2, 9, and 16 January, 1755 (pp. 2/2, 2/2, 2/2). It was again printed in the Boston News-Letter of 27 February, 1755 (p. 2/2), but with the words “are once more desired” substituted for the words “are desired.”

325 See C. W. Ernst’s “Postal service in Boston, from 1639 to 1893,” in Professional and Industrial History of Suffolk County, Massachusetts (1894), ii. 443–504.

326 In the Boston Evening-Post of 30 December, 1754, and of 6 January, 1755, there was printed immediately after the notice signed by Holbrook the following:

Delinquent Readers,

☞ AS the Season is now come on, when Victuals, Firing, and many other Things that will be wanted to make the Publisher’s Life comfortable, and to enable him to carry on this Paper, as well for your Entertainment as his Advantage, he therefore hopes and desires you to take his Case into most serious Consideration.

As this notice appeared in the Boston Evening-Post only, and not in the Boston News-Letter, it may safely be regarded as relating not to the Boston Post-Boy but solely to the Boston Evening-Post.

327 John Bushell removed to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he published the Halifax Gazette, the first issue of which appeared on 23 March, 1752. He died in January, 1761, and was buried January 22 (Burial Register of St. Paul’s Parish, Halifax, p. 51).

328 There are so few known copies of the early issues of the paper that the statement in the text is necessarily imperfect.

329 See pp. 430–432, above, and pp. 484–492, below.

330 On 26 April, 1773, the comma after the word “Gazette” was displaced by a semicolon.

331 Ellis Huske died 24 April, 1755. See p. 468, above.

332 John Green, who was a son of Bartholomew Green, Jr., died 21 November, 1787 (Massachusetts Centinel, 24 November, 1787, viii. 79/2). Joseph Russell died 29 November, 1795 (Columbian Centinel, 2 December, 1795, p. 3/1).

333 This was the same device which had been used in the portion of the Massachusetts Gazette published by Green and Russell on Mondays. See p. 439 note, above.

334 See p. 463, above.

335 Each paper thus far considered has been called the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth newspaper to be published in Boston; for in regard to those six papers there can be no doubt. But after 1734 such a characterization becomes impossible. The Weekly Rehearsal and the Boston Evening-Post may be regarded either as two distinct papers or merely as the same paper with a change in title. Cf. pp. 414, 415, 444, 445, above.

336 The numbers of the last issue of the Weekly Rehearsal and of the first issue of the Boston Evening-Post are sometimes wrongly given.

337 See p. 463, above.

338 Thomas Fleet died 21 July, 1758 (Boston Evening-Post, 24 July, 1758, p. 2/2).

339 The issue of 24 July bears the imprint, “Printed by T. Fleet;” but as Thomas Fleet, Senior, had died three days before, it is obvious that that issue could not have been published by him. His successors were his sons, Thomas and John Fleet, whose imprint first appears in the issue of 31 July, 1758. Thomas Fleet, Jr., died 15 March, 1797 (Massachusetts Mercury, 17 March, 1797, p. 3/1). John Fleet died 18 March, 1806 (Columbian Centinel, 19 March, 1806, P. 2/4).

340 The Boston Evening-Post of 19 December, 1748 (p. 4/2), contained an advertisement of Thomas Fleet and a cut of his sign, the Heart and Crown. This design is different from either of the devices printed in the title of the paper itself from 19 March, 1759, to 24 April, 1775.

341 The only issue published on a Tuesday was that of 5 December, 1749.

342 Gamaliel Rogers is stated by Thomas to have died in 1775. Daniel Fowle died 8 June, 1787 (New-Hampshire Gazette, 16 June, 1787, p. 3/3).

343 This device is thus described by Isaiah Thomas:

The device in the centre of its title, was a large cut of Britannia liberating a bird confined by a cord to the arms of France. Britannia is represented sitting; the arms of France lying on the ground before her; the bird is on the wing, but being impeded by the cord, one end of which is fastened to the arms of France, and the other to the bird, Britannia is in the act of cutting the cord with a pair of shears, that the bird may escape.

In 1799 the Rev. John Eliot suggested a different interpretation:

. . . the Independent Advertiser . . . was supported by the whigs, who gave a device indicative of their principles, a bird let loose by the hand of Britannia, or the goddess of liberty. It was thus designed; but may as well represent America in the character of a female, active in doing good, profuse of her favours, and pregnant with blessings for future times (1 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vi. 69).

344 It is believed that this printer’s name — in previous accounts of Boston newspapers spelled Fleming — is given correctly in this volume for the first time.

345 During a portion of the years 1720 and 1721, the Boston News-Letter was published twice a week; but those were sporadic issues.

346 The inability to distinguish sharply between publisher and printer has already been commented upon. Isaiah Thomas wrote:

John Mein was a bookseller, and John Fleming a printer. The Chronicle was published by Mein. . . . Before the close of the second year of publication, its publisher, Mein, was engaged in a political warfare with those who were in opposition to the measures of the British administration. In the Chronicle he abused numbers of the most respectable whigs in Boston; and he was charged with insulting the populace. To avoid the effects of popular resentment, it became necessary for him to leave the country. Fleming continued the Chronicle during the absence of Mein, in the name of the firm.

From a passage in the Boston News-Letter of 21 September, 1769 (p. 2/1) it seems certain that Mein was at that time still in Boston. In the Boston Evening-Post of 6 November, 1769, was printed the following (p. 3/1):

MR. John Mein, our intrepid asserter of truth and falshood, has kept himself out of the way (for reasons best known to himself) since Saturday last: . . .

In the Boston Evening-Post of 20 November, 1769, it was stated: “We hear, that John Mein went for England last week in the Hope schooner” (p. 3/2). In the Boston Gazette of 20 November, 1769, appeared the following (p. 3/1):

Since our last sailed the Hope Schooner in his Majesty’s Service, . . . for England; She is to stop at Halifax, . . .

We hear that J. Mein, late Publisher of the Boston Chronicle, is gone home in the above Schooner, in order to [here the item abruptly ends].

In the Boston Gazette of 18 December, 1769, a correspondent said: “Mein we know has eloped, and it is said has been seen at Halifax” (p. 2/3).

347 One edition of the issue of 21 December, 1767, consists of pp. 1–8, without a supplement, the first of John Dickinson’s famous Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania to the Inhabitants of the British Colonies being printed on pp. 1, 2. Another edition contains: (1) the main paper, filling pp. 1–8; (2) one unnumbered leaf, on which is printed the first of the Farmer’s Letters; (3) a supplement filling pp. 9–12, the second of the Farmer’s Letters being printed on pp. 9–11.

348 One edition of the issue of 28 December, 1767, contains pp. 9–16, the second of the Farmer’s Letters being printed on pp. 9–11. Another edition contains pp. 13–20.

349 Two explanations of the absence of pages 153–156 are possible: it may have been a printer’s error; or a supplement which has not been preserved may have been published between 11 and 18 April, 1768.

350 At the end of Mein and Fleeming’s Register for New-England and Nova-Scotia for 1768 are two unnumbered leaves, the first of which contains a prospectus beginning as follows:

Boston, October 22d, 1767. / Proposals / For printing a New Weekly Paper, called / The Boston Chronicle. / Conditions.

351 See pp. 430–432, 470, 471, above.

352 See p. 431, above.

353 Council Records, xvi. 293.

354 Boston News-Letter, 4 March, 1768 (p. 1/1). Neither the message of the Governor nor the address of the Council is recorded in the Council Records, but both are printed in the Boston News-Letter of 4 March, 1768 (p. 1), and in the Boston Post-Boy of 7 March, 1768 (pp. 1, 2).

355 See Council Records, xvi. 293; Massachusetts House Journals under dates of 1, 2, 3 March, 1768, pp. 206, 207, 210, 211; Boston News-Letter of 4 March, 1768, Boston Post-Boy of 7 March, 1768, where the proceedings are printed in full; C. A. Duniway, Development of Freedom of the Press in Massachusetts, pp. 126–128.

356 Council Records, xvi. 294.

357 Ibid. xvi. 302.

358 See Collation of Numbers and Dates, p. 357, above.

359 See pp. 426–428, above.

360 It is probable that the printers arrived at the number 277 by subtracting 3094, the number of the issue of the Boston News-Letter dated 7 April, 1763, from 3372, the number of the issue dated 19 May, 1768; but if so, the result was again a blunder, for the subtraction gives 278 and not 276. But even if the printers had subtracted correctly the result would still have been inaccurate, for the numbering of the Boston News-Letter in the years 1763–1768 was erratic.

361 More space has been given to the Massachusetts Gazette than perhaps is warranted either by its importance or by the length of time during which it was published. The excuse lies in the fact that Thomas — upon whose account all subsequent accounts have been based — was for him singularly inaccurate in his description of what he called “this ‘Adams and Eve paper,’ joined together ‘by authority.’”

362 This was the case with the issues of 9, 16 March, 1769, etc.

363 This was the case with the issues of 23 May, 13, 27 June, 1768, etc.

364 The following (and perhaps other) issues of the Boston News-Letter contained two leaves each: 1768, May 26, June 2, 9, July 28, August 4, 18; 1769, June 1. For the issues which contained a supplement as well, see the Check-List, pp. 79, 80, above. Such notices as the following were often printed:

1768, June 2: See the GAZETTE for other Articles and new Advertisements (p. 2/3).
1768, June 9: See Gazette (p. 3).
1768, June 23: Articles of Intelligence respecting Major Rogers, &c. and Advertisements are in the POSTSCRIPT (p. 2/1).
1768, July 21: ☞ Corrigenda in the philological Piece in the Gazette of this Day (p. 1/2).
1768, July 28: The latest Articles See Gazette (p. 3/3).
1768, August 4: For other Articles See Gazette (p. 3/3).
1768, August 18: The latest Articles are in the Gazette (p. 3/3).
1768, October 13: This Postscript is wholly taken from three of the Monday’s Papers of October 10 (supplement, p. 1/1).
1768, November 3: See the Gazette Extra (p. 1/3).
1769, May 25: See SUPPLEMENT (p. 2/3).
1769, June 1: See GAZETTE (p. 3/3).
1769, June 22: The other foreign and domestic Articles are in the Supplement (p. 2/3).

The supplement to the issue of 25 August, 1768, was a broadside, and contained this notice (p. 1/1):

ALTHO the Particulars of the Celebration [of the repeal of the Stamp Act] of the 14th of August, were kept back from last Thursday’s Paper, yet it is humbly requested that LIBERTY may be given to re print them from Monday’s Papers, for the Perusal of the Customers of this Paper who do not see the others.

365 The following (and perhaps other) issues of the Boston Post-Boy contained two leaves each: 1768, August 1, September 19. For the issues which contained a supplement, see the Check-List, pp. 263, 264, above. The supplement of 24 April, 1769, contains two leaves. Such notices as the following were sometimes printed:

1768, August 1: For more News, &c. See the Gazette (p. 3/3).
1768, October 10: [See the Supplement.] (p. 1/3).

366 The following (and perhaps other) issues of the Massachusetts Gazette contained two leaves each: 1768, May 26, July 7, 21; 1769, January 19.

The following notices appeared in the portions of the Massachusetts Gazette printed on Monday by Green and Russell:

1769, April 24: [See SUPPLEMENT.] (p. 1/1).
1769, June 5: [See Supplement.] (p. 2/2).

As no supplement to the Massachusetts Gazette was, so far as is known, issued on the above dates, the references are doubtless to the supplements of the Boston Post-Boy of those dates.

The following notices appeared in the portions of the Massachusetts Gazette printed on Thursday by Draper:

1768, July 7: See News-Letter (p 3/3).
1768, September 15: Other Foreign and Domestic Articles, and new Advertisements are in the POSTSCRIPT (p. 1/3).
1769, January 12: [The other London Articles are in the Supplement.] (p. 1/3).
1769, January 19: For other Articles of Intelligence see News-Letter (p. 3/3).
1769, February 9: Two Political Pieces from the English Prints are in The SUPPLEMENT (p. 1/2).
1769, March 2: The other Articles from the Liverpool Papers are in the SUPPLEMENT. HARTFORD Post not come in at XII. o’clock (p. 1/1).
1769, April 20: For other Articles, &c. See the SUPPLEMENT (p. 1/3).

As no supplement to the Massachusetts Gazette was, so far as is known, issued on the above dates, the references are doubtless to the supplements to the Boston News-Letter of those dates.

367 Mechanical reasons alone made it necessary in this volume to treat the Massachusetts Gazette as a separate paper. The practice of librarians differs. In some files, the portions of the Massachusetts Gazette printed on Monday are bound with the Boston Post-Boy, while the portions printed on Thursday are bound with the Boston News-Letter. The Boston Athenæum has a file of the Massachusetts Gazette bound by itself, — and perhaps this is the best plan.

368 The “Journal of Occurrences” was not a newspaper of the day, but was a series of articles which under various titles — “Journal of Transactions,” “Journal of the Times,” “Journal of Occurrences,”— appeared at intervals in the New-York Journal from 13 October, 1768, to 14 September, 1769. These articles were frequently alluded to in the Boston papers and were reprinted at intervals in the Boston Evening-Post from 12 December, 1768, to 18 December, 1769. One of the articles was quoted in 1851 by Lossing in his Pictorial Field-Book of the Revolution (i. 480 note) in such a way as to give the impression that “the Boston Journal of the Times” was a newspaper.

369 The Massachusetts Gazette of 26 January, 1769, p. 1.

370 This design was used in the Boston Post-Boy on 2 October, 1769.

371 This design was used in the Boston News-Letter on 28 September, 1769, and had previously been used in the Boston News-Letter in 1763–1765 and in 1766–1768. See p. 439, above.

372 The issue of 17 July had no imprint.

373 Zechariah Fowle died in December, 1783 (Independent Ledger, 29 December, 1783, p. 3/2).

374 The issue of 11 October, 1770, has the imprint of Fowle and Thomas. The issues of 13–27 October have no imprint. The issue of 30 October has the imprint of Thomas. Hence it is impossible to say exactly when Fowle’s connection with the paper ceased. Thomas’s own statement is:

The publication of the Spy commenced with No. 2, August 7, 1770, and was printed in this form for three months, by Z. Fowle and I. Thomas; the partnership was then dissolved; and the Spy was continued by Thomas.

375 Isaiah Thomas died 4 April, 1831.

376 This device is thus described by Thomas:

“Massachusetts Spy,” was in large German text, engraved on type metal between two cuts; the device of the cut on the left was, the goddess of Liberty sitting near a pedestal, on which was placed a scroll, a part of which, with the word spy on it, lay over on one side of the pedestal, on which the right arm of liberty rested. The device on the right was, two infants making selections from a basket filled with flowers, and bearing this motto — “they cull the choicest.”

377 This device is thus described by Thomas:

On the 7th of July, 1774, . . . a new political device appeared in the title of this paper — a snake and a dragon. The dragon represented Greatbritain, and the snake the colonies. The snake was divided into nine parts, the head was one part, and under it N.E. as representing Newengland; the second part N.Y. for Newyork; the third N.J. for Newjersey; the fourth P. for Pennsylvania; the fifth M. for Maryland; the sixth V. for Virginia; the seventh N.C. for Northcarolina; the eighth S.C. for Southcarolina; and the ninth part or tail, for Georgia. The head and tail of the snake were supplied with stings, for defence against the dragon, which appeared furious, and as bent on attacking the snake. Over the several parts of the snake, was this motto, in large capitals, “join on die!” This device, which was extended under the whole width of the title of the Spy, appeared in every succeeding paper whilst it was printed in Boston.

Though this particular device had never, so far as the Editor is aware, been used before, yet it was not wholly original with Thomas. The idea apparently first occurred in a paragraph which appeared in the Pennsylvania Gazette of 9 May, 1754 (p. 2/1). Speaking of the raids of the French and of “the present disunited State of the British Colonies,” the writer made an appeal for concerted action on the part of the American Colonies, and enforced his plea by a pictorial design of a snake divided into eight parts—the head representing New England and the tail South Carolina. Beneath the snake were the words “JOIN or DIE.” The article in the Pennsylvania Gazette, with its accompanying design, was copied into several newspapers of the period. The snake design was again used in what has sometimes been called a newspaper, but what was really a political skit, and is now a bibliographical curiosity. This was The Constitutional Courant, dated 21 September, 1765. Here the snake appeared at the top of the first page. A similar design, divided into nine parts (as described by Thomas), with slight variations, was used as a device by John Holt in his New-York Journal of 23 June — 8 December, 1774, and by William and Thomas Bradford in their Pennsylvania Journal of 27 July, 1774 — 18 October, 1775. Another snake device, of a quite different design, was used by Holt in the New-York Journal of 15 December, 1774, and continued into the next year. In the design used in the Massachusetts Spy, the dragon was apparently original with Thomas. An account of The Constitutional Courant and of the snake devices was given at the meeting of this Society held in March, 1907.

378 A copy of these proposals is in the Essex Institute. Cf. p. 483 note, above.

379 Strictly speaking, the New-England Chronicle did not become a Boston paper until 25 April, 1776; but it has seemed advisable to include in this volume the issues published at Cambridge.

380 The heading of this broadside is worth giving, for it is curious from the fact of its having been issued on a Sunday—perhaps the first instance of the sort:

BOSTON, Sunday, January 12, 1777.

The Letters, whereof the following are Extracts, being wrote by several Field Officers in the American Army, arrived in Town last Evening, and are made Public for the Perusal of the several Gentlemen who subscribed to defray the Expences of obtaining Intelligence from the Army.

The matter is printed in three columns, and at the bottom of the third column is the imprint, “Printed by POWARS and WILLIS.” The Massachusetts Historical Society has a duplicate of this broadside, bound in its file of the Continental Journal between the issues of 6 and 13 January, 1777.

381 Ebenezer Hall died 14 February, 1776. See p. 499, above. The issue of 22 February has no imprint.

382 Samuel Hall died 30 October, 1807 (Columbian Centinel, 31 October, 1807, p. 2/3).

383 Nathaniel Willis died 1 April, 1831 (C. D. Warner’s Nathaniel Parker Willis, 1885, p. 6).

384 This was the device adopted by the Essex Gazette on 2 August, 1768. Buckingham said, “I find no explanation of the device.” Isaiah Thomas wrote:

In the centre of the title was a cut, of which the design was taken from the official seal of the county. The principal figure — a bird with its wings extended, and holding a sprig in its bill; perhaps intended to represent Noah’s dove; and this device was far from being ill adapted to the state of our forefathers, who having been inhabitants of Europe, an old world, were become residents in America, to them a new one; above the bird is a fish, which seems to have been intended as a crest, emblematical of the cod-fishery, formerly the principal dependence of the county of Essex, of which Salem is a shire town. The whole is supported by two aborigines, each holding a tomahawk, or battle axe.

385 This device was a modification of the Seal adopted by Massachusetts in August, 1775, when it was voted that, “Instead of an Indian holding a Tomahawk and Cap of Liberty, there be an English American, holding a Sword in the Right Hand, and Magna Charta in the Left Hand, with the Words ‘Magna Charta,’ imprinted thereon.” See Massachusetts House Documents, 1885, No. 345.

386 See p. 444, above.

387 John Gill died 26 August, 1785 (Massachusetts Centinel, 27 August, 1785, p. 3/2).

388 Draper and Folsom published the Independent Ledger from 15 June, 1778, to 24 November, 1783, after which the paper was published by Folsom alone. The firm name only is given, and the identification of Draper in the text is not absolutely certain. Yet there can be little doubt that he was Edward Draper, a brother of the Samuel Draper who died 21 March, 1767. Writing of Samuel Draper, Isaiah Thomas said that “Edward, with a partner, published, for some time during the late war, a newspaper in Boston.”

389 Edward Draper died 16 November, 1831 (Boston Evening Transcript, 18 November, 1831, p. 2/4). John West Folsom died 7 February, 1825 (Boston Daily Advertiser, 8 February, 1825, p. 2/5).

390 The date of the adoption of this device is sometimes wrongly given. In the issue of 27 July, 1778, and in subsequent issues, the word “enflamed” became “inflamed;” in the issue of 5 October, 1778, and in subsequent issues, the word “and” was omitted.

391 This paper is apparently not mentioned in previous accounts of Boston newspapers, and is now described for the first time.

392 This title varies in form, reading, in some issues: The Morning Chronicle & General Advertiser.